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What Nobelists do with their Nobel Prize Medal and Cash and their Charity
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Alfred Nobel
Chemist, Inventor, Awesome Administrator, Social Reformer.
"It could and should soon come to pass that all states pledge themselves collectively to attack an aggressor. That would make war impossible, and would force even the most brutal and unreasonable Power to appeal to a court of arbitration, or else keep quiet."
Photo Bengt Nyman, Wiki.
George Smith
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2018
Nobel co-recipients: Frances H. Arnold, Sir Gregory P. Winter
"for the phage display of peptides and antibodies."
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Yoshinori Ohsumi
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2016
Award: "for his discoveries of mechanisms for autophagy."
Photo Bengt Nyman, Wiki. Painting Tim Tompkins PaintHistory.com
Satoshi Omura
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2015
Nobel co-recipient: William C. Campbell, Tu Youyou
Award: "for their discoveries concerning a novel therapy against infections caused by roundworm parasites."
Photo Holger Motzkau, Wikipedia, Painting Tim Tompkins PaintHistory.com
Aziz Sancar
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2015
Nobel co-recipients: Tomas Lindahl, Paul Modrich
"for mechanistic studies of DNA repair."
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Kailash Satyarthi
The Nobel Peace Prize 2014
Co-nobelist: Malala Yousafzai
Prize motivation: "for their struggle against the suppression of children and young people and for the right of all children to education."
Photo: © Nobel Foundation
Eugene F. Fama Ph.D., MBA
The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economics Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2013
Nobel co-recipients Lars Peter Hansen, Robert J. Shiller
Economist. Empirical analysis of asset prices. Influenced development of index funds. Father of modern finance. Idea is 'how do you measure risk?' Windsurfing, golf, opera.
In University of Chicago - Economics. Environment so productive. "We have good people, you need that; very interactive environment; people help one another out a lot. I couldn't do what I did without the help of my professors, colleagues and students. Everybody contributes to everybody else."
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Randy Schekman
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2013
Nobel co-recipients: James E. Rothman, Thomas C. Südhof
Award: "for their discoveries of machinery regulating vesicle traffic, a major transport system in our cells."
Photo Deryck Chan, courtesy to cameraman Sien Yi Tan. Painting Tim Tompkins - PaintHistory,com
Sir John B. Gurdon Kt DPhil DSc FRS
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2012
Nobel co-recipient Shinya Yamanaka
Developmental Biologist. Mature cells can be reprogrammed to become pluripotent. Hobbies: Outdoor sports, mountaineering, travelling, but not theatre, music, reading.
At age15, damning school report: …he will not listen, but will insist in doing his work his own way…has ideas of becoming a Scientist…waste of time for him and teachers.
`Know Thyself
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Shinya Yamanaka
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2012
Nobel co-recipient: Sir John B. Gurdon
Award: "for the discovery that mature cells can be reprogrammed to become pluripotent."
Photo Frank Plitt, Cesar; Wiki. Painting Tim Tompkins PaintHistory.com
Tawakkol Karman
The Nobel Peace Prize 2011
Co-nobelists: Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, Leymah Gbowee
Prize motivation: "for their non-violent struggle for the safety of women and for women's rights to full participation in peace-building work."
Photo Sean Hurt, Wiki. Painting Tim Tompkins PaintHistory.com
Ellen Sirleaf
The Nobel Peace Prize 2011
Co-nobelists: Leymah Gbowee, Tawakkol Karman
Prize motivation: "for their non-violent struggle for the safety of women and for women's rights to full participation in peace-building work."
Photo Holger Motzkau Wikipedia. Painting Tim Tompkins PaintHistory.com
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Ei-ichi Negishi
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2010
Nobel Co recipients Richard F. Heck, Akira Suzuki
Organic Chemist. Inventor of organozinc variant of the palladium catalyzed cross-coupling reaction. Read voraciously including "how to …" publications. Dreamt of Nobel half century prior to being awarded prize. Upon arriving in US and discovering Nobelists visiting UPenn, realized that being awarded the Nobel could happen to anybody including himself.
Paining Tim Tompkins PaintHistory.com
Barack H. Obama J.D.
The Nobel Peace Prize 2009
US President, Attorney, Democrat. Award: 'Extraordinary efforts to strengthen international diplomacy, cooperation between peoples.'
Prevented Iran acquiring nuclear weapon. Reopened relations with Cuba. Saved auto industry. Deal: slow climate change. Obamacare. Voter registration drive. African American. Orator
"Our actions matter, can bend history in direction of justice."
"Yes we can!"
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Elizabeth M. Blackburn
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2009
Nobel co-recipients: Carol W. Greider, Jack W. Szostak
Award: "for the discovery of how chromosomes are protected by telomeres and the enzyme telomerase"
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Jack Szostak
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2009
Nobel co-recipients: Elizabeth H. Blackburn, Carol W. Greider
Award: "for the discovery of how chromosomes are protected by telomeres and the enzyme telomerase."
Photo David Dobkin, Painting Tim Tompkins Painthistory.com
Charles Kao Ph.D.
The Nobel Prize in Physics 2009
Co-nobelist: Willard S. Boyle, George E. Smith
Prize motivation: "for groundbreaking achievements concerning the transmission of light in fibers for optical communication."
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Venkatraman Ramakrishnan
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2009
Nobel co-recipients: Thomas A. Steitz, Ada E. Yonath
"for studies of the structure and function of the ribosome."
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Luc Montagnier
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2008
Nobel co-recipients: Harald zur Hausen, Françoise Barré-Sinoussi
Prize: "for their discovery of human immunodeficiency virus."
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Francoise Barre-Sinoussi
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2008
Nobel co-recipients: Harald zur Hausen, Luc Montagnier
Award: "for their discovery of human immunodeficiency virus."
Photo Johannes Jansson. Wiki. Painting Tim Tompkins PaintHistory.com
Martti Ahtisaari
The Nobel Peace Prize 2008
Peace broker. Peacefully ended conflicts worldwide. Namibia's independence from South Africa following war. Yugoslavia - end to the war in Kosovo. Indonesia - Aceh Peace Accord following war.
Founded Crisis Management Initiative.
"Peace is question of will. All conflicts can be settled. No excuses for allowing them to become eternal."
>Photo Science History Inst., Douglas A. Lockard Wiki. Painting Tim Tompkins PaintHistory.com
Oliver Smithies
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2007
Nobel co-recipients: Mario R. Capecchi, Sir Martin J. Evans
Award: "for their discoveries of principles for introducing specific gene modifications in mice by the use of embryonic stem cells."
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Ertl Gerhard
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2007
"for his studies of chemical processes on solid surfaces."
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Martin J. Evans
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2007
Nobel co-recipients: Mario R. Capecchi, Oliver Smithies
Prize: "for their discoveries of principles for introducing specific gene modifications in mice by the use of embryonic stem cells."
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John C. Mather Ph.D.
The Nobel Prize in Physics 2006
Nobel Prize also awarded to George F. Smoot
Physicist - Astrophysics, Instrumentation. COBE, Blackbody form and anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background radiation.
"For years I had successfully repelled all challenges to my concentration on one overwhelming responsibility. Now, it was done, and I switched my attention to ..."
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Roger Kornberg
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2006
"for his studies of the molecular basis of eukaryotic transcription."
Mohamed Mustafa ElBaradei Photo IAEA, Wiki. Painting Tim Tompkins PaintHistory.com
Mohamed ElBaradei JSD
The Nobel Peace Prize 2005
Joint awardee: International Atomic Energy Agency
Attorney, Egyptian Diplomat. 'Prevent military use of nuclear energy, ensure nuclear energy used safely for peace.' Worked in UN. Director General, IAEA. IAEA:
'to accelerate, enlarge atomic energy contribution to peace, health, prosperity throughout world.’
"Durable peace is not a single achievement, but an environment, a process and a commitment."
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Barry J. Marshall
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2005
Co Nobelists: J. Robin Warren
Award: "for their discovery of the bacterium Helicobacter pylori and its role in gastritis and peptic ulcer disease."
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Robin Warren
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2005
Nobel co-recipient: Barry J. Marshall
Award: "for their discovery of the bacterium Helicobacter pylori and its role in gastritis and peptic ulcer disease."
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Robert Grubbs
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2005
Nobel co-recipients: Yves Chauvin, Richard R. Schrock
"for the development of the metathesis method in organic synthesis."
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John Sulston
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2002
Nobel co-recipients: Sydney Brenner, H. Robert Horvitz
Award: "for their discoveries concerning genetic regulation of organ development and programmed cell death'."
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Kurt Wuthrich
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2002
Nobel co-recipients: John B. Fenn, Koichi Tanaka
"for his development of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy for determining the three-dimensional structure of biological macromolecules in solution."
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Sir Paul Nurse
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2001
Nobel co-recipients: Leland Hartwell, Tim Hunt
Award: "for their discoveries of key regulators of the cell cycle."
Photo: fair use, Wiki. Painting Tim Tompkins PaintHistory.com
William Knowles
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2001
Nobel co-recipients: Ryoji Noyori, Barry Sharpless
"for their work on chirally catalysed hydrogenation reactions."
Photo:NIDA Wikipedia. Painting Tim Tompkins PaintHistory.com
Paul Greengard
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2000
Nobel co-recipients: Arvid Carlsson, Eric Kandel
Prize: "for their discoveries concerning signal transduction in the nervous system."
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Kim Dae-jung
The Nobel Peace Prize 2000
President, S. Korea, ‘Sunshine Politician’. ‘Democracy, human rights in South Korea, East Asia; peace, reconciliation with North Korea.’ Assassination attempts. Jailed. Exiled in US.
“King is son of heaven. Heaven sent him to serve people with just rule. If he unjust, oppresses people, people have right to dispose of him.”
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Eric Kandel
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2000
Co Nobelists: Arvid Carlsson, Paul Greengard
Award: "for their discoveries concerning signal transduction in the nervous system."
Photo: Blobel Painting Tim Tompkins - PaintHistory.com
Günter Blobel
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1999
Award: "for the discovery that proteins have intrinsic signals that govern their transport and localization in the cell."
Photo: J.A. Jzburovich SUNY Downstate Med Ctr. Wiki.
Robert F. Furchgott
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1998
Nobel co-recipients: Louis J. Ignarro, Ferid Murad
Prize: "for their discoveries concerning nitric oxide as a signalling molecule in the cardiovascular system."
Photo Jeff Dahl, Wiki. Painting Tim Tompkins PaintHistory.com
Ferid Murad
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1998
Nobel co-recipients: Robert F. Furchgott, Louis J. Ignarro
Prize: "for their discoveries concerning nitric oxide as a signalling molecule in the cardiovascular system."
Photo Justin Hoch, Hudson Union Society, Wiki. Painting Tim Tompkins PaintHistory.com
Jody Williams
The Nobel Peace Prize 1997
Nobel co-recipient: International Campaign to Ban Landmines ,
"for their work for the banning and clearing of anti-personnel mines."
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Carlos Belo
The Nobel Peace Prize 1996
Co-nobelists: José Ramos-Horta
“Nations will proclaim his wisdom; the assembly will celebrate his praises. If he lives long, his name will be more glorious than a thousand others, and if he dies, that will satisfy him just as well”
(Wisdom 39, 10-11)
“… it expresses with deep significance the memory of the man we remember this day whose esteemed Peace Prize bears his name. Today, 10th December, we celebrate the centennial anniversary of the death of
a wise benefactor of humanity, a peace worker, Alfred Nobel.” - Nobel Lecture, Nobel foundation.
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Christiane Nusslein-Volhard
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1995
Nobel co-recipients: Edward B. Lewis, Eric F. Wieschaus
Award: "for their discoveries concerning the genetic control of early embryonic development."
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Martin Rodbell
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1994
Nobel co-recipient: Alfred G. Gilman
Award: "for their discovery of G-proteins and the role of these proteins in signal transduction in cells."
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Nelson Mandela
The Nobel Peace Prize 1993
Co-Nobelist F.W. de Klerk
Award: "for work regarding peaceful termination of apartheid regime and for laying the foundations for a new democratic South Africa."
Nelson Mandela's Nobel co-recipient was President Frederik Willem de Klerk who released him from prison. They had agreed to transitioning to majority rule peacefully.
"It always seems impossible until it's done."
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Aung San Suu Kyi
The Nobel Peace Prize 1991
Prize motivation: "for her non-violent struggle for democracy and human rights."
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Joseph E. Murray
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1990
Nobel co-recipient: E. Donnall Thomas
"for their discoveries concerning organ and cell transplantation in the treatment of human disease."
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Donnall Thomas
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1990
Nobel co-recipient: Joseph E. Murray
Award: "for their discoveries concerning organ and cell transplantation in the treatment of human disease."
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George H. Hitchings
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1988
Co Nobelists Sir James W. Black, Gertrude B. Elion
Chemist, Pharmacologist. Discovered principles for drug treatment; developed drugs - anticancer, immunosuppressive, antiviral, antibacterial, anti-gout, anti-malarial. Purines. 6-mercaptopurine, Imuran,
allopurinol, pyramethamine, trimethoprim, Acyclovir.
"My greatest satisfaction … save lives, relieve suffering. At baptism, my father dedicated my life to service of mankind. Very proud … able to fulfill his hopes."
Photo Bernard Becker Med Library, Washington U SOM, Wiki. Painting Tim Tompkins PaintHistory.com
Rita Levi-Montalcini
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1986
Nobel co-recipients: Stanley Cohen
Prize: "for their discoveries of growth factors."
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Alva Myrdal
The Nobel Peace Prize 1982
Co-nobelist: Alfonso García Robles
Diplomat, Innovator, Writer. Disarmament, Nuclear Weapons-Free Zones. Technology and growth in violence. Women's rights. Swedish Ambassador to India. Insightful.
"Never forget trampling down of human dignity, rights, increase in acts of violence, torture use, testifies to persistence in contempt for suffering of individual men and women."
"Down with nuclear weapons!"
Photo Bogaerts, Rob, Anefo, Dutch National Archives; Wikipedia.
Aaron Klug
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1982
Crystallographic electron microscopy. Biologically important nucleic acid-protein complexes' structural elucidation. Viruses' 3D imaging. Zinc fingers.
"Saw Rosalind Franklin’s beautiful tobacco mosaic virus’ X-ray photographs. From then on my fate was sealed."
"Aaron could see colleagues' strengths, weaknesses in observations; inspired them to conduct more rigorous, adventurous research." - Richard Henderson.
Photo: NLM, Painting Tim Tompkins - Painthistory.com
Baruj Benacerraf M.D.
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1980
Nobel co-recipients: Jean Dausset, George D. Snell
National Medal of Science - Biological Sciences 1990
Physician, Scientist - Immunologist, teacher, remarkable leader. Discovered genetically determined structures on the cell surface that regulate immunological reactions.
"Baruj did not always get on well with those in authority, often because he felt he could do their jobs so much better than they did …"
Drawing Samyuktha Krishna
Adolfo Pérez Esquivel
The Nobel Peace Prize 1980
Human Rights Leader, Architect, Sculptor. Believed in nonviolence. Fought for indigenous peoples.
"It is essential to have inner peace and the serenity of prayer to listen to the silence of God, which speaks to us, in our personal life and the history of our times,
of the power of love."
Photo: Dutch Nat'l Archives. Painting Tim Tompkins - PaintHistory.com
Jean Dausset
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1980
Nobel co-recipients: Baruj Benacerraf, George D. Snell
Award: "for their discoveries concerning genetically determined structures on the cell surface that regulate immunological reactions."
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Godfrey N. Hounsfield
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1979
Co Nobelists Allan M. Cormack
Award: "for the development of computer assisted tomography."
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Alber Werner
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1978
Award: "for the discovery of restriction enzymes and their application to problems of molecular genetics."
Photo Wikipedia
Philip Anderson
The Nobel Prize in Physics 1977
Co-Nobelist Sir Nevill F. Mott, John H. van Vleck
Award: "for their fundamental theoretical investigations of the electronic structure of magnetic and disordered systems."
Photo Kingkongphoto & www.celebrity-photos.com, Wiki. Painting Tim Tompkins PaintHistory.com
Betty Williams
The Nobel Peace Prize 1976
Co-nobelist: Mairead Corrigan
Role: Founder of the Northern Ireland Peace Movement (later renamed Community of Peace People)
Betty Williams and Mairead Corrigan received their Nobel Prize one year later, in 1977.
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Mairead Corrigan
The Nobel Peace Prize 1976
Co-Nobelist: Betty Williams
Role: Founder of the Northern Ireland Peace Movement (later renamed Community of Peace People)
Betty Williams and Mairead Corrigan received their Nobel Prize one year later, in 1977.
Photo Bogaerts, Rob; Anefo. Dutch Nat’l Archives, Wiki. Painting Tim Tompkins PaintHistory.com
Sean MacBride
The Nobel Peace Prize 1974
Co-nobelist: Eisaku Sato
Role: President of the Commission of Namibia, United Nations, New York, USA, President of the International Peace Bureau, Geneva, Switzerland
Photo USIA, Wiki. Painting Tim Tompkins PaintHistory.com
Rosalyn Yalow
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1977
Nobel co-recipients: Roger Guillemin, Andrew V. Schally
Award: "for the development of radioimmunoassays of peptide hormones."
Photo: Wikipedia. Painting Tim Tompkins - PaintHistory.com
Nikolaas Tinbergen Ph.D.
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1973
Co-nobelist Karl von Frisch, Konrad Lorenz
Biologist - Ornithologist. Discovered ‘organization and elicitation of individual and social behavior patterns’. Sticklebacks fish. Bee wolf, a digger wasp, Philanthus Triangulum. Adventurous. Elder brother Jan Tinbergen is Economics Nobelist, 1969, the first year the Economics prize was awarded. Both awarded at age 66yrs.
Drawing: Ami Mowris
Simon S. Kuznets Ph.D.
The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1971
Economist and Statistician. Interpreted economic growth in a manner which helped better understand economic and social structure.
Photo Wiki. Painting Tim Tompkins - PaintHistory.com
Robert W. Holley Ph.D.
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1968
Nobel co-recipients: H. Gobind Khorana, Marshall W. Nirenberg
Organic Chemist. 'Interpreted genetic code and its function in protein synthesis' First chemical synthesis of penicillin. Research: amino acids, peptides, protein biosynthesis. Discovered and isolated tRNA [transfer RNA] - alanine transfer RNA.
Photo Dutch National Archives, Wikipedia. Painting Tim Tompkins PaintHistory.com
Luis Alvarez Ph.D.
The Nobel Prize in Physics 1968
Award: "for his decisive contributions to elementary particle physics, in particular the discovery of a large number of resonance states, made possible through his development of the technique of using hydrogen bubble chamber and data analysis"
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René Cassin
The Nobel Peace Prize 1968
Jurist, Judge, Humanitarian, Internationalist. Father of the Declaration of Human Rights.
"As a child I was filled with passionate admiration for acts of civic courage I had seen performed by an elderly military doctor, who was a friend of my family." - René Cassin
Wikipedia
Martin Luther King Jr.
The Nobel Peace Prize 1964
Award: The Nobel Peace Prize 1964 was awarded to Martin Luther King Jr."
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Nicolay Basov
The Nobel Prize in Physics 1964
Nobel co-recipients: Charles H. Townes, Aleksandr M. Prokhorov
Award: "for fundamental work in the field of quantum electronics, which has led to the construction of oscillators and amplifiers based on the maser-laser principle."
Painting Tim Tompkins - PaintHistory.com
James D. Watson
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1962
The President's National Medal of Sciences - Biological Sciences 1997
Co-Nobelists Francis Crick, Maurice Wilkins
Zoologist. 'Discovered molecular structure of nucleic acids and its significance for information transfer in living material.'
Very generous with subordinates regarding authorship of articles.
"Good science is difficult. We must believe strongly in our ideas."
Painting Tim Tompkins PaintHistory.com
Georg von Békésy Ph.D. [Physics]
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1961
Physicist, Communication engineer. Psychophysiology of hearing. Physical mechanism of stimulation within cochlea, a frequency analyzer. Accidental selection of science field. Technically skillful, elegant experimental design. He nuisance to autopsy room, mechanical workshops.
"Found inner ear beautiful under stereoscopic microscope. It was pleasure of beauty that made me stick to ear."
Photo Chuck Painter, Stanford News Service; Wikipedia. Painting Tim Tompkins PaintHistory.com
William B. Shockley Ph.D.
The Nobel Prize in Physics 1956
Nobel co-recipients John Bardeen, Walter H. Brattain
Award: "for their researches on semiconductors and their discovery of the transistor effect"
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Hans Krebs M.D.
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1953
Co-Nobelists Fritz Lipmann
Physician, Biochemist. Discovered citric acid cycle in which nutrients are converted to chemical energy molecules which are converted to ATP used in chemical processes. Krebs-Henseleit cycle.
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Ralph Bunche
The Nobel Peace Prize 1950
Role: Acting Mediator in Palestine, 1948, Director, division of Trusteeship, U.N., Professor, Harvard University Cambridge, MA
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Boyd Orr
The Nobel Peace Prize 1949
Role: Alimentary Politician, Physician, President, National Peace Council and World Union of Peace Organizations, Prominent organizer and Director, General Food and Agricultural Organization
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Emily Balch
The Nobel Peace Prize 1946
Nobel co-recipient: John R. Mott
Role: Formerly Professor of History and Sociology, Honorary International President, Women's International League for Peace and Freedom
Painting Tim Tompkins - PaintHistory.com
Sir Alexander Fleming M.B., B.S.
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1945
Co-Nobelists: Ernst B. Chain, Sir Howard Florey
Physician - Bacteriologist, Immunologist. While researching Influenza virus, made ground breaking discovery: penicillin, by not neglecting chance observation - mould contaminating culture plate. WWI caused interest in Antiseptics. WWII, production cost was immaterial. Destiny.
Lone worker gets idea; details developed by team, but prime idea is due to enterprise, thought, perception of an individual.
Nobel Medal Cash and Philanthropy
Alexander Fleming's Nobel Prize medal is in the National Museums of Scotland.
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Gerhard Domagk
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1939
Award: "for the discovery of the antibacterial effects of prontosil."
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Carlos Lamas
The Nobel Peace Prize 1936
Role: Foreign Minister, Mediator in a conflict between Paraguay and Bolivia, President of the Assembly of the League of Nations
Nobel Medal Cash and Philanthropy
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Arthur Henderson
The Nobel Peace Prize 1934
Role: ex-Foreign Secretary, President, Disarmament Conference in 1932
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George H. Whipple M.D.
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1934
Co-Nobalists George R. Minot, William P. Murphy
Physician; Pathologist. Pernicious anaemia liver therapy. Whipple Disease. Intestinal parasites. Blackwater fever. WWII, Chloroform anesthesia induced liver necrosis. Liver regeneration. Tuberculosis. Pancreatitis. Used Nobelists Joliot Curie’s, Fermi’s, E.O. Lawrence’s radioactive isotopes; discovered iron metabolism; protein metabolism, distribution, functions. Bile constituents. Red cell stroma.
Gentle. Quiet. Wanted to be remembered as teacher.
Painting Tim Tompkins - PaintHistory.com
Thomas H. Morgan Ph.D.
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1933
Zoologist, Geneticist. Chromosome role in heredity, sex determination. Drosophila. Genes stored in chromosomes in nuclei. Epigenetics. Combination rule. Limited number of combination groups. Crossing-over rule. Linear arrangement of genes in chromosomes.
Didn’t attend Nobel award ceremony, because in Caltech, busy establishing new physiology group and with future of biochemistry, genetics.
Photo George Grantham Bain Collection (Library of Congress), Wiki. Painting Tim Tompkins PaintHistory.com
Norman Angell
The Nobel Peace Prize 1933
Role: Member, Commission Exécutive de la Société des Nations (Executive Committee of the League of Nations and of National Peace Council), Writer
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Jane Addams
The Nobel Peace Prize 1931
Co-Nobelists: Nicholas Murray Butler
Role: International President, Women's International League for Peace and Freedom, Sociologist
Painting Tim Tompkins - PaintHistory.com
Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman M.A. [Physics]
The Nobel Prize in Physics 1930
Atomic Physicist. Molecular Diffraction of Light. Raman Effect. Structure, optical behaviour of iridescent substances. Acoustics, violin.
Raman lost Nobel Prize money to fraudulent financer. Meeting fraudster years later, he said: You deserve Nobel Prize for your cunning in duping Nobel Laureate!
Playful comment: Unfortunately Economics Nobel instituted later in 1969!
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Ferdinand Buisson
The Nobel Peace Prize 1927
Nobel co-recipient: Ludwig Quidde
Role: Formerly Professor, Sorbonne University, Paris, Founder and President, Ligue des Droits de l'Homme (League for Human Rights)
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Aristide Briand
The Nobel Peace Prize 1926
Nobel Co-recipient: Gustav Stresemann
Role: Foreign Minister, Part-originator of Locarno Pact and Briand-Kellogg Pact
George Bernard Shaw Photo Wikimedia Commons
George Bernard Shaw
The Nobel Prize in Literature 1925
Award: "for his work which is marked by both idealism and humanity, its stimulating satire often being infused with a singular poetic beauty."
“The reasonable man adapts himself to the world; the unreasonable one persists in trying to adapt the world to himself. Therefore, all progress depends on the unreasonable man.â€
Painting Tim Tompkins - PaintHistory.com
Willem Einthoven, Physician
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1924
Physician, Physiologist. Discovered electrocardiogram [EKG/ECG] mechanism. It was known that heart generates weak electrical current varying in health, heart disease. Invented galvanometer recording these currents. Named electrical waves P, Q, R, S, T. [P petite; next letters in alphabet]. Interests: Physics, Acoustics, Asthma, Optics, Physical activity. Great concentration. Generous, Kind.
Photo Harris & Ewing, Wiki. Painting Tim Tompkins PaintHistory.com
Woodrow Wilson
The Nobel Peace Prize 1919
Role: Founder of the League of Nations, President of United States of America
Woodrow Wilson received his Nobel Prize one year later, in 1920.
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Tobias Asser
The Nobel Peace Prize 1911
Nobel co-recipient: Alfred Fried
Role: Cabinet Minister, Initiator of the Conferences on International Private Law at the Hague, Lawyer
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Emil Theodor Kocher Physician
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1909
Physician, Surgeon. Award: “Thyroid physiology, pathology, surgery.†Lister’s principles. Relatively bloodless surgical field. “Kocher incisionâ€. Recurrent laryngeal nerve damage: hoarseness; tetany,
hypoparathyroidism. Myxedema: thyroid transplantation, tissue extracts injection, oral therapy.
Brain: damage, increased intra-cranial pressure, trepanation. Abdominal surgery. “Kocher mobilizationâ€. Orthopedics: hereditary malformations, fracture. Hernia. Incision selection. Epilepsy. Osteomyelitis. Statistics.
Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran. Photo Wiki. Painting Tim Tompkins PaintHistory.com
Alphonse Laveran Physician
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1907
Physician. "protozoa cause diseases." Malarial parasite discovery received with skepticism. Sleeping sickness. Trypanosomes in different animals, countries. 1914-1918 concern: troops’ health.
“After vain attempt to detect parasite in air, water, soil; cultivate in varied media, I became convinced: microbe was already present outside human body as parasite, probably of mosquitoes.â€
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Albert A. Michelson Ph.D.
The Nobel Prize in Physics 1907
Award: "for their discoveries concerning nuclear shell structure"
Photo Wiki. Painting Tim Tompkins - PaintHistory.com
Ernesto Moneta
The Nobel Peace Prize 1907
Co Nobelists: Louis Renault
Award: President, Lombard League of Peace
Painting: Tim Tompkins PaintHistory.com
Theodore Roosevelt
The Nobel Peace Prize 1906
President, USA. International Peace Arbitrator, various treaties. Vigorous, businesslike. "We abhor bully, oppressor, in private or public life". Conservationist, protected 230,000,000 acres of public land.
After camping in Yosemite National Park, "It was like lying in a great solemn cathedral, far vaster and more beautiful than any built by man."
Photo Wiki. Painting Tim Tompkins PaintHistory.com
Santiago Cajal Doctor of Medicine, Ph.D.
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1906
Co-nobelist: Camillo Golgi
Physician, Anatomist, Pathologist, Artist. Discovered nervous system structure. Stained nerve cells with silver nitrate.
Proved nerve cell’s independence, impulse travels from one cell to another by synapse. Barber’s, Shoemaker’s apprentice.
“Oh comforting solitude, how favorable thou art to original thought!â€
“Outstanding work results from immense zeal applied to great idea.â€Â
Photo:Wikipedia Painting Tim Tompkins - PaintHistory.com
Ivan Pavlov
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1904
Award: "in recognition of his work on the physiology of digestion, through which knowledge on vital aspects of the subject has been transformed and enlarged."
Painting Tim Tompkins PaintHistory.com
John William Strutt
The Nobel Prize in Physics 1904
"for his investigations of the densities of the most important gases and for his discovery of argon in connection with these studies."
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Niels Ryberg Finsen M.D.
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1903
Physician. Founder, phototherapy in dermatology. Lupus vulgaris treatment. Researched salt. Despite having Niemann-Pick disease,
strong willed, persevering.
Denmark early education - Rector: "Niels is a very nice boy. His gifts are small; he’s devoid of energy." Cause: fagging for older pupils. Moved to Iceland school;
succeeded despite not knowing language.
Painting Tim Tompkins - PaintHistory.com
Ronald Ross, Physician
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1902
Physician. Mosquitoes’ malarial parasites life-cycle. Mathematical models for epidemiology. Malaria prevention. Contributed to pure, applied mathematics.
'My microscope was worn out, screws rusted with sweat from hands, forehead; remaining eye-piece cracked; invaluable oil-immersion lens remained good.'
'Dingy military hospital, cracked microscope, medicine bottles - only laboratory and apparatus I possessed.'
Painting Tim Tompkins - PaintHistory.com
Emil Adolf von Behring, Physician
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1901
Physician. Serum therapy, especially against diphtheria. Tuberculosis.
Photo Library of Congress, Wiki. painting Tim Tompkins PaintHistory.com
Henry Dunant
The Nobel Peace Prize 1901
Nobel co-recipient: Frédéric Passy
Role: Founder of the International Committee of the Red Cross, Geneva, Originator Geneva Convention (Convention de Genève)
Photo US Govt. Wiki. Painting Tim Tompkins PaintHistory.com
Kofi Annan
The Nobel Peace Prize 2001
"The Arab Spring reminds me of the decolonisation process where one country gets independence, and everybody else wants it.
"I am a stubborn optimist: I was born an optimist and will remain an optimist.
"The Lord had the wonderful advantage of being able to work alone." - Kofi Annan
Photo TIME, Wiki. Painting Tim Tompkins PaintHistory.com
Wilhelm Conrad Rontgen
The Nobel Peace Prize 1901
"in recognition of the extraordinary services he has rendered by the discovery of the remarkable rays subsequently named after him"
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