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Publications

Robert J. Lefkowitz MD

Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2012
National Medal of Science - Biological Sciences 2007 USA
Nobel co-recipient Brian K. Kobilka

Physician- Cardiologist, Scientist. G-protein-coupled receptors; approximately half of all medicines used today use this kind of receptor.

"Strong family history of coronary artery disease ... at age 50 I had quadruple bypass surgery [1994]. I minimize my risk factors with daily physical exercise, a vegetarian diet and appropriate medications".

Publications

Journal Articles in NCBI/PubMed

883 Journal Articles:

Articles:

  1. Lefkowitz, R.J., Roth, J., Pricer, W. and Pastan, I. ACTH receptors in the adrenal: Specific binding of ACTH-125I and relation to adenyl cyclase. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 65, 745-752, 1970. PMCID: 282969
  2. Lefkowitz, R.J. Specific binding of ACTH-125I by adrenal cyclase preparations. Proc. Fogarty Inter'l. Center Colloquim on the Biological Role of Adenyl Cyclase and Cyclic AMP, 1969.
  3. Lefkowitz, R.J., Roth J., Pricer, W. and Pastan, I. Radioreceptor assay of adrenocorticotropic hormone: New approach to assay of polypeptide hormones in plasma. Science 170: 633-635, 1970.PMID:4319388
  4. Lefkowitz, R.J., Roth J. and Pastan, I. Effects of calcium on ACTH stimulation of the adrenal: Separation of hormone binding from adenyl cyclase activity. Nature 228: 864-866, 1970. PMID: 4320054
  5. Lefkowitz, R.J., Roth J. and Pastan, I. ACTH-receptor interaction in the adrenal: A model for the first step in the action of hormones which stimulate adenyl cyclase. Ann. of N.Y. Acad. Sci. 185: 195-209, 1971. PMID:4330491
  6. Lefkowitz, R.J., Roth, J. and Pastan, I. Radioreceptor assay of ACTH in Methods in Investigative and Diagnostic Endocrinology, (S.A. Berson and R.S. Yalow, eds.). North Holland Publishing Co., Amsterdam, 1972.
  7. Lefkowitz, R.J. and Haber, E. A fraction of the ventricular myocardium that has the specificity of the cardiac beta?adrenergic receptor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 68: 1773-1777, 1971. PMID:389290
  8. Roth, J., Pastan, I., Lefkowitz, R.J., Pricer, W., Freychet, P. and Nevil D. ACTH receptors in the adrenal and insulin receptors in liver in "Structure Activity Relationship of Protein and Polypeptide Hormones," (M. Margolis and F.C. Greenwood, eds.). Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam, p. 228, 1971.
  9. Lefkowitz, R.J. Characterization and purification of the cardiac beta-adrenergic receptor in The Role of Membranes in Metabolic Regulation, (M. Mehlman, ed.). Academic Press, pp. 261-285, 1972.
  10. Lefkowitz, R.J., Haber, E. and O'Hara, D. Identification of the cardiac beta-adrenergic receptor protein: Solubilization and purification by affinity chromatography. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 69: 2828-2832, 1972. PMID: 389654
  11. Lefkowitz, R.J. and Levey, G.S. Norepinephrine: Dissociation of beta-receptor binding from adenylate cyclase activation in solubilized myocardium. Life Sci. 11: 821-828, 1972. PMID:4628614
  12. Lefkowitz, R.J., Sharp, G. and Haber, E. Specific binding of beta-adrenergic catecholamines to a subcellular fraction from cardiac muscle. J. Biol. Chem. 248: 342-349, 1973. PMID:41444255
  13. Lefkowitz, R.J. and Haber, E. Physiological receptors as physicochemical entities. Circ. Res. 32, Suppl. 1: 46-52, 1973. PMID:4351359
  14. Lefkowitz, R.J. Isolated hormone receptors: Physiological and clinical implications. New Engl. J. Med. 288: 1061-1066, 1973. PMID:4144513
  15. Lefkowitz, R.J. Isolated beta-adrenergic binding sites: Potential assay vehicle for measurement of catecholamines. Pharm. Revs. 25: 259-268, 1973.PMID:4150174
  16. Lefkowitz, R.J., O'Hara, D. and Warshaw, J. Binding of catecholamines to receptors in cultured myocardial cells. Nature, New Biology 244: 79-80, 1973.PMID:4516145
  17. Haber, E. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Isotopic displacement assays: The relative merits of antibodies and isolated physiological receptors in Diagnostic Nuclear Cardiology. C.V. Mosby Co., St. Louis, pp. 343-347, 1974.
  18. Lefkowitz, R.J. Approaches to the measurement of catecholamines in plasma present and future in Diagnostic Nuclear Cardiology. C.V. Mosby Co., St. Louis, pp. 366-370, 1974.
  19. Lefkowitz, R.J. Toward isolation of beta-adrenergic binding protein, in Frontiers in Catecholamine Research, (E. Usdin and S. Snyder, eds.). Pergamon Press, pp. 361-368, 1973.
  20. O'Hara, D. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Agarose-norepinephrine derivatives for purification of adrenergic receptors and binding proteins in Methods of Enzymology Affinity Techniques, (S.P. Colowick and N.O. Kaplan, eds.). Academic Press, pp. 695-700, 1974.
  21. Butcher, R.W., Crofford, O.B., Gammeltoff, S., Gliemann, J., Gavin, J.R., Goldfine, I., Kahn, R., Rodbell, M., Roth, Jr., Jarrett, L., Larner, J., Lefkowitz, R.J., Levine, R. and Marinetti, G.V. Insulin activity: The solid matrix. Science 182: 396-397, 1973. PMID:4356902
  22. Lefkowitz, R.J. Molecular pharmacology of beta-adrenergic receptors. Biochem. Pharmacol. 23: 2069-2076, 1974. PMID:4153299
  23. Lefkowitz, R.J., O'Hara, D. and Warshaw, J.B. Surface interaction of [3H]norepinephrine with cultured embryo myocardial cells. Biochem. Biophys. Acta 332: 317-328, 1974.
  24. Lefkowitz, R.J. Selectivity in beta-adrenergic responses: Clinical implications. Circulation 49: 783-786, 1974.PMID:4151328
  25. Vatner, D. and Lefkowitz, R.J. [3H]Propranolol binding site in myocardial membranes: Non-identity with beta-adrenergic receptors. Mol. Pharmacol. 10: 450-456, 1974.PMID:4847937
  26. Lefkowitz, R.J. Catecholamine stimulated myocardial adenylate cyclase: Effects of phospholipase digestion and the role of membrane lipids. J. Mol. and Cell. Cardiol. 7: 27-37, 1975. PMID:1121031
  27. Caron, M.G. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Temperature immutability of adenylate cyclase-coupled beta-adrenergic receptors. Nature 249: 258-260, 1974. PMID:4151464
  28. Lefkowitz, R.J. Catecholamine stimulation of myocardial adenylate cyclase: Effects of nucleotides. J. Mol. and Cell. Cardiol. 7: 237-248, 1975. PMID:1127710
  29. Lefkowitz, R.J. Stimulation of catecholamine sensitive adenylate cyclase by 5'guanylyl imidodiphosphate. J. Biol. Chem. 249: 6119-6124, 1974. PMID:4425095
  30. Lefkowitz, R.J. [3H]Norepinephrine binding: Unrelated to catechol-o-methyl transferase. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 58: 1110-1118, 1974.PMID:4365564
  31. O'Keefe, D., Lefkowitz, R.J., Grantham, N.R., Beierholm, E.A. and Daggett, W.M. Effects of cardiac denervation and failure on canine myocardial norepinephrine binding sites. Cardiovasc. Res., Vol. IX, No. 2, pp. 219-223, 1975.PMID:45648
  32. Lefkowitz, R.J. [3H]GTP binding sites in solubilized myocardium: Relation to adenylate cyclase. J. Biol. Chem. 250: 1006-1011, 1975.
  33. Lefkowitz, R.J. Heterogeneity of adenylate cyclase-coupled beta-adrenergic receptors. Biochem. Pharmacol. 24: 583-590, 1975.PMID:235928
  34. Lefkowitz, R.J., Mukherjee, C., Coverstone, M. and Caron, M.G. Stereospecific [3H] (-)alprenolol binding sites, beta-adrenergic receptors and adenylate cyclase. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 60: 703-709, 1974. PMID:4370935
  35. Limbird, L.E. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Myocardial guanylate cyclase: properties of the enzyme and effects of cholinergic agonists in vitro. Biochem. Biophys. Acta, Enzymology 377: 186-196, 1975. PMID:235292
  36. Lefkowitz, R.J. Catecholamine sensitive adenylate cyclase: Biochemical model of beta-adrenergic receptors. Proceedings of 12th International Conference of International Medicine, 1975.
  37. Lefkowitz, R.J. Biochemistry of beta-adrenergic receptor and adenylate cyclase. Proceedings of the 9th Meeting of the Federation of European Biochemistry Society, 1975.
  38. Caron, M.G. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Beta-adrenergic receptors: Basic studies and clinical implications. Proceedings of the 1st International Asthma Conference in New Directions in Asthma (M.Stein, ed.). American College of Chest Physicians, Park Ridge, Ill. pp. 85-101, 1975.
  39. Lefkowitz, R.J. Clinical pharmacology of beta-adrenergic blocking drugs. Medical Challenge 9: 72-76, 1977.
  40. Aprille, J.R., Lefkowitz, R.J. and Warshaw, J.B. [3H]Norepinephrine binding and lipolysis by isolated fat cells. Biochem. Biophys. Acta 373: 502-513, 1974. PMID:4433592
  41. Lefkowitz, R.J. [3H](-)Alprenolol: New tool for the study of beta-adrenergic receptors in Methods in Receptor Research (M. Blecher, ed.). Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York.
  42. Mukherjee, C., Caron, M.G., Coverstone, M. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Identification of beta-adrenergic receptors in frog erythrocyte membranes with [3H](-)alprenolol. J. Biol. Chem. 250: 4869-4875, 1975. PMID:238972
  43. Lefkowitz, R.J. and Caron, M.G. Characteristics of 5'guanylyl- imidodiphosphate activated adenylate cyclase. J. Biol. Chem. 250: 4418-4423,1975. PMID:166994
  44. Lefkowitz, R.J. Identification of adenylate cyclase-coupled beta-adrenergic receptors with radiolabeled beta-adrenergic antagonists. Biochem. Pharmacol. 24: 1651, 1975.PMID:11
  45. Lefkowitz, R.J., Caron, M.G., Limbird, L., Mukherjee, C. and Williams, L.T. Membrane bound hormone receptors in Membrane Bound Enzymes (A. Martinosi, ed.). Plenum Press, New York.
  46. Alexander, R.W., Williams, L.T. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Identification of cardiac beta-adrenergic receptors by [3H](-)alprenolol binding. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 72: 1564-1568, 1975.PMID:1055427
  47. Mukherjee, C., Caron, M.G. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Catecholamine induced subsensitivity of adenylate cyclase associated with loss of beta-adrenergic receptors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , 72:1945-1949, 1975.PMID:432665
  48. Lefkowitz, R.J. Identification of beta-adrenergic receptors in Isolation of Hormone Receptors (G. Levey, ed.). Marcell Dekker, New York, 1975.
  49. Limbird, L.E., DeMeyts, P. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Beta-adrenergic receptors: Evidence for negative cooperativity. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 64: 1160-1168, 1975. PMID:1137592
  50. Mickey, J.V., Tate, R. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Subsensitivity of adenylate cyclase and decreased beta-adrenergic receptor binding after chronic exposure to (-)isoproterenol in vitro. J. Biol. Chem. 250: 5727-5729, 1975.PMID:167023
  51. Lefkowitz, R.J., Caron, M.G. and Mukherjee, C. Identification and regulation of beta-adrenergic receptors in Proceedings of the 9th Miles International Symposium on Cell Surface Receptors, Raven Press, New York, 1975.
  52. Mukherjee, C., Caron, M.G., Mullikin, D. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Structure activity relationship of beta-adrenergic receptors: Determination by direct binding studies. Mol. Pharmacol. 12: 16-31, 1976.PMID:3725
  53. Lefkowitz, R.J. and Limbird, L.E. The beta-adrenergic receptor and adenylate cyclase. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 457: 1-39, 1976.PMID:769837
  54. Lefkowitz, R.J., Caron, M.G. and Mukherjee, C. Beta-adrenergic receptors: structure activity relations determined by direct binding studies in Receptors in Pharmacology (J. Smythies and R. Bradley, eds.). Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, Vol. 11, pp. 97-121, 1978.
  55. Limbird, L.E. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Adenylate cyclase-coupled beta-adrenergic receptors: Role of membrane lipids and other factors in receptor binding and enzyme stimulation by catecholamines. Mol. Pharmacol. 12: 559-567, 1976.PMID:958206
  56. Williams, L.T., Snyderman, R. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Identification of beta-adrenergic receptors in human leukocytes with (-) [3H]alprenolol. J. Clin. Invest. 57: 149-155, 1976.PMID:436634
  57. Zatz, M., Kebabian, J.W., Romero, J.A., Lefkowitz, R.J. and Axelrod, J. Pineal beta-adrenergic receptor: Correlation of binding of 3H-(1)-alprenolol with stimulation of adenylate cyclase. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Therap. 196: 714-722, 1976.PMID:4608
  58. Alexander, R.W., Davis, J.N. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Direct identification of beta-adrenergic receptors in rat brain. Nature 258: 437, 1975.PMID:620
  59. Lefkowitz, R.J., Mukherjee, C., Caron, M.G., Limbird, L.E., Alexander, R.W., Williams, L.T., Mickey, J.V., Tate, R. Regulation of adenylate cyclase-coupled beta-adrenergic receptors. Recent Progress in Hormone Research 32: 597-632, 1976. PMID:785560
  60. Limbird, L.E. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Biochemical and molecular characteristics of beta-adrenergic receptor binding sites in Proceedings of the Nato Advanced Study Institute on Surface Membrane Receptors, NATO ASI, Series, Vol. 11, pp. 387-404, Plenum Press, New York, 1976.
  61. Williams, L.T., Jarett, L. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Adipocyte beta-adrenergic receptors: Identification and subcellular localization by (-)[3H]alprenolol binding. J. Biol. Chem. 251: 3096-3104, 1976. PMID:942608
  62. Caron, M.G. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Solubilization and characterization of the beta-adrenergic receptor of frog erythrocytes. J. Biol. Chem. 251: 2374-2384, 1976.PMID:1191347
  63. Caron, M.G. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Solubilization of the beta-adrenergic receptor. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 68: 315-322, 1976. PMID:1082747
  64. Lefkowitz, R.J. The beta-adrenergic receptor, a mini review. Life Sci. 18: 461-472, 1976.PMID:1191347
  65. Lefkowitz, R.J. and Limbird, L.E. Biochemical techniques for the study of drug action. Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases, Vol. 18, pp. 309-321, 1976.PMID:737
  66. Mickey, J.V., Tate, R., Mullikin, D. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Characterization of catecholamine tolerance in vitro: Correlation between adenylate cyclase sensitivity and beta-adrenergic receptor binding. Mol. Pharmacol. 12: 409-419, 1976. PMID:934056
  67. Davis, J.N., Miller, R.D. and Lefkowitz, R.J. A possible role for neurotransmitter receptors in stroke. Proc. of the Tenth Princeton Conference of Cerebrovascular Disease, 1976.
  68. Mukherjee, C. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Desensitization of beta-adrenergic receptors by beta-adrenergic agonists in a cell-free system: Resensitization by 5'guanylylimidodiphosphate and other purine nucleotides. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 73: 1494-1498, 1976.PMID:430323
  69. Mukherjee, C., Caron, M.G. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Regulation of beta-adrenergic receptors by beta-adrenergic agonists in vivo. Endocrinology 99: 347-357, 1976.PMID:954636
  70. Limbird, L. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Negative cooperativity among beta-adrenergic receptors of frog erythrocytes. J. Biol. Chem. 251: 5007-5014, 1976.PMID:956174
  71. Williams, L.T. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Identification of alpha-adrenergic receptors by [H3]dihydroergocryptine binding. Science 192: 791-793, 1976. PMID:4894
  72. Rudolph, S.A. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Receptors, cyclic nucleotides and transport, in Handbook of Transport (D. Tosteson, ed.), Springer-Verlag.
  73. Lefkowitz, R.J., Mullikin, D. and Caron, M.G. Regulation of beta-adrenergic receptors by 5'guanylylimidodiphosphate and other purine nucleotides. J. Biol. Chem. 251: 4688-4692,1976.PMID:947904
  74. Lefkowitz, R.J. Identification and regulation of beta-adrenergic receptors in Hormone Receptors, (D. Klachko, L. Forte and J. Franz, eds.). Plenum Press, New York, Vol. 96, pp. 137-160, 1978.
  75. Rauckman, E.J., Rosen, G.M. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Pharmacological activity of nitroxide analogues of dichlorisoproterenol and propranolol. J. Med. Chem. 19: 1254-1256, 1976.PMID:11346
  76. Davis, J.N. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Beta-adrenergic receptor binding synaptic localization in rat brain. Brain Research 113: 214-220, 1976.PMID:953730
  77. Caron, M.G. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Biological activity of agarose-immobilized catecholamines. Biochem. Biophys. Acta 444: 472-486, 1976.PMID:9146
  78. Lefkowitz, R.J. Beta-adrenergic receptors: Recognition and regulation. New Engl. J. Med. 295: 323-328, 1976.PMID:6910
  79. Williams, L.T., Mullikin, D. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Identification of alpha-adrenergic receptors in uterine smooth muscle membranes by [3H]dihydroergocryptine binding. J. Biol. Chem. 251: 6915-6923, 1976. PMID:825511
  80. Lefkowitz, R.J. Regulation of beta-adrenergic receptors by beta-adrenergic agonists, in Hormone Receptors, Vol. II (B. O'Malley and L. Birnbaumer, eds.), Academic Press, New York.
  81. Lefkowitz, R.J., Mukherjee, C., Caron, M.G., Mickey, J.V. and Tate, R. Biochemical mechanisms for regulation of beta-adrenergic receptors by beta-adrenergic agonists, in Proceedings of the Vth Interncrine Congressational Endo, 1976.
  82. Mukherjee, C. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Regulation of beta-adrenergic receptors in isolated frog erythrocyte plasma membranes. Mol. Pharmacol. 13: 291-303, 1977.PMID:16207
  83. Mukherjee, C. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Direct radioligand binding studies of beta-adrenergic receptors in intact frog erythrocytes. Life Sciences 19:1897, 1976. PMID:187891
  84. Lefkowitz, R.J. Desensitization of beta-adrenergic receptors by beta-adrenergic agonists, in Proceedings of the 10th CINP Congress (Collegium Internationale Neuro-Psychopharmacologicum), Pergamon Press, Ltd., 1976.
  85. Lefkowitz, R.J. Smoking, catecholamines and the heart (signed editorial). New Engl. J. Med. 295: 615-616, 1976.PMID:950975
  86. Lefkowitz, R.J. Radioligand binding studies of adrenergic receptors. Wenner-Gren Center International Symposium Series. in: Central Adrenaline Neurons (Ed. K. Ruxe, et al., Pergamon Press, Oxford & New York, pp. 291-301, 1976.
  87. Limbird, L.E. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Resolution of beta-adrenergic receptors and adenylate cyclase by gel exclusion chromatography. J. Biol. Chem. 252: 799-802, 1977. PMID:833154
  88. Williams, L.T. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Molecular pharmacology of alpha-adrenergic receptors: Use of [3H]dihydroergocryptine binding in the study of pharmacological receptor alterations. Mol. Pharmacol. 13: 304-313, 1977.PMID:192992
  89. Randall, M.H., Altman, L.J. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Structure and biological activity of (-) [3H]dihydroalprenolol: A radioligand for studies of beta-adrenergic receptors. J. Med. Chem. 20:1090, 1977. PMID:197238
  90. Williams, L.T., Gore, T. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Ectopic beta-adrenergic receptor binding sites: Possible molecular basis of aberrant catecholamine responsiveness of an adrenocortical tumor adenylate cyclase. J. Clin. Invest. 59: 319, 1977. PMID:13086
  91. Lefkowitz, R.J. and Williams, L.T. Catecholamine binding to the beta-adrenergic receptor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 74: 515-519, 1977.PMID:15249
  92. Davis, J.N., Strittmatter, W.J., Hoyler, E. and Lefkowitz, R.J. [3H]Dihydroergocryptine binding in rat brain. Brain Research 132: 327-336,1977.PMID:196714
  93. Williams, L.T., Pike, M., Snyderman, R. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Specific receptors for chemotactic peptides on human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 74: 1204-1208, 1977.PMID:265563
  94. Lefkowitz, R.J. Biochemical characteristics of alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors and their relevance to the clinician. Cardiovasc. Med. 1977.
  95. Lefkowitz, R.J. Identification and regulation of adrenergic receptors. Proceedings of the American Society of American Society of Neuropsychopharmacology Meeting, 1977.
  96. Lefkowitz, R.J. Modulation of norepinephrine action at alpha and beta adrenergic receptors in hypertension. Report of the National Hypertension Task Force, 1977.
  97. Williams, L.T., Lefkowitz, R.J., Hathaway, D.R., Watannabe, A.M. and Besch, H.R. Thyroid hormone regulation of beta-adrenergic receptor number. J. Biol. Chem. 252: 2787-2790, 1977.PMID:15999
  98. Strittmatter, W.J., Davis, J.N. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Alpha-adrenergic receptors in rat parotid cells: I. Correlations of [3H]dihydroergocryptine binding and catecholamine stimulated potassium efflux. J. Biol Chem. 252: 5472-5477, 1977.PMID:195950
  99. Strittmatter, W.J., Davis, J.N. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Alpha-adrenergic receptors in rat parotid cells: II. Desensitization of receptor binding sites and potassium release. J. Biol. Chem. 252: 5478-5482, 1977.PMID:195951
  100. Lefkowitz, R.J. Identification and regulation of alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors. Fed. Proc., 37: 123-129, 1978.PMID:203489
  101. Lefkowitz, R.J. and Hamp, M. Comparison of agonist and antagonist radioligand binding to beta-adrenergic receptors. Nature 268: 453, 1977. PMID:19707
  102. Williams, L.T. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Regulation of rabbit myometrial alpha-adrenergic receptors by estrogen and progesterone. J. Clin. Invest. 60: 815-818, 1977.PMID:197125
  103. Lefkowitz, R.J., Mullikin D., Wood C., Gore, T. and Mukherjee, C. Regulation of prostaglandin receptors by prostaglandins and guanine nucleotides. J. Biol. Chem. 252: 5295-5303, 1977.PMID:195945
  104. Williams, L.T. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Slowly reversible binding of a beta-adrenergic agonist to a nucleotide sensitive state of the beta-adrenergic receptor. J. Biol. Chem. 252: 7207-7213, 1977.PMID:198405
  105. Lefkowitz, R.J. Molecular properties and regulation of alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors. Proceedings of P & S Symposium on Neuronal Informations Transfer, pp. 59-71, Academic Press, New York, 1978.
  106. Lefkowitz, R.J. and Williams, L. Molecular mechanisms of activation and desensitization of adenylate cyclase coupled beta-adrenergic receptors. Advances in Cyclic Nucleotide Research, Vol. 9, (W.J. George and L.J. Ignarro, eds.), Raven Press, New York, 9:1-17, 1978.PMID:208372
  107. Pike, L.J. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Agonist-specific alterations in receptor binding affinity associated with solubilization of turkey erythrocyte membrane beta-adrenergic receptors. Mol. Pharmacol. 14: 370-375, 1978.PMID:25377
  108. Glaubiger, G. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Elevated beta-adrenergic receptor number after chronic propranolol treatment. Biochem. Biophs. Res. Commun. 78: 720-725, 1977.PMID:199185
  109. Lefkowitz, R.J. Molecular and regulatory properties of beta-adrenergic receptors and their clinical implications. Excerpta Medica Symposium on "Beta-adrenergic Blockade: A New Era in Cardiovascular Medicine," 1977.
  110. Newman, K., Williams, L.T., Bishopric, N. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Identification of platelet alpha-adrenergic receptors by [3H]dihydroergocryptine binding. J. Clin. Invest. 61: 395-402, 1978.PMID:23392
  111. Tsai, Bie Shung and Lefkowitz, R.J. [3H]Dihydroergocryptine binding to alpha-adrenergic receptors in canine aortic membranes. J. Pharm. Exp. Therap. 204: 606-614, 1978.PMID:24730
  112. Lefkowitz, R.J. Recent advances in the study of drug receptors. Yearbook of Drug Therapy, 1978.
  113. Caron, M.G., Beaubieu, M., Raymond, V., Drouin, J., Gagne, B., Lefkowitz, R.J. and Labrie, F. Dopaminergic receptors in the anterior pituitary gland: Identification by [3H]dihydroergocryptine binding. J. Biol. Chem. 253: 2244-2253, 1978.PMID:416027
  114. Lefkowitz, R.J., Mullikin, D. and Williams, L.T. A desensitized state of the beta-adrenergic receptor not associated with high affinity agonist occupancy. Mol. Pharmacol. 14: 376-380, 1978. PMID:25378
  115. Limbird, L. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Agonist-induced increase in apparent beta-adrenergic receptor size. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 75: 228-232, 1978. PMID:24213
  116. Williams, L.T., Mullikin, D. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Magnesium dependence of agonist binding to adenylate cyclase-coupled hormone receptors. J. Biol. Chem. 253: 2984-2989,1978. PMID:25276
  117. Tsai, B. Shung and Lefkowitz, R.J. Agonist specific effects of monovalent and divalent cations on adenylate cyclase coupled alpha-adrenergic receptors in rabbit platelets. Mol. Pharmacol. 14: 540, 1978. PMID:210368
  118. Pike, L.J. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Multiple effects of N,N' dicyclohexyl carbodiimide on the beta-adrenergic receptor-adenylate cyclase system in frog erythrocytes. J. Cyclic Nucleotide Res. 4: 27-34, 1978. PMID:205559
  119. Wessels, M.R., Mullikin, D. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Differences between agonist and antagonist binding following beta-adrenergic receptor desensitization. J. Biol. Chem. 253: 3371-3373, 1978. PMID:25886
  120. Williams, R.S. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Alpha-adrenergic receptors in rat myocardium: Identification by binding of [3H]dihydroergocryptine. Circ. Res. 43: 721-727, 1978. PMID:213201
  121. Glaubiger, G, Tsai, B.S., Lefkowitz, R.J., Johnson, E.M. and Weiss, B. Chronic guanethidine treatment increases cardiac beta-adrenergic receptors. Nature 273: 240-242,1978. PMID:205804
  122. Lefkowitz, R.J., Limbird, L.E., Williams, L.T. and Wessels, M. Beta-adrenergic receptors: Regulatory role of agonists. Keystone. J. of Supramol. Struct. 8: 501-510, 1978. PMID:31515
  123. Clarke, W. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Hepatic alpha-adrenergic receptors: Identification and subcellular localization with [3H]dihydroergocryptine. J. Biol. Chem. 253: 5975-5979,1978. PMID:210164
  124. Caron, M., Williams, L.T. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Labelling of peripheral adrenoceptors. Proceedings of the Symposium on Adrenoceptors, Pergamon Press, 1978.
  125. Williams, L.T. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Methodological approach to radioligand binding studies of adrenergic receptors. Proceedings of the Symposium on Adrenoceptors, Pergamon Press, 1978.
  126. Lefkowitz, R.J., Williams, L.T., Pike, L.J. and Wessels, M. Receptor binding studies of beta-adrenergic receptors: New insights into activation and desensitization of adenylate cyclase. Proceedings of the 7th International Pharmacology Symposium, Pergamon Press, 1978.
  127. Williams, L.T. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Pharmacology of the sympathetic nervous systems in "Beta-Blockers and Their Role in Hypertension." Med. Ed. Press, New Jersey, 1978.
  128. Caron, M.G., Srinivasan, Y., Pitha, J. and Lefkowitz, R.J. The beta-adrenergic receptor of frog erythrocyte: Purifications by biospecific affinity chromatography. Proceedings of the IIIrd International Catecholamine Symposium, 547-549,1978.
  129. Wood, C.L., Arnett, C.D., Clarke, W.R., Tsai, B.S. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Subclassification of alpha-adrenergic receptors by direct binding studies. Biochem. Pharmacol. 28: 1277-1282,1979. PMID:36095
  130. Williams, R.S., Guthrow, E. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Beta-adrenergic receptors of human lymphocytes are unaltered by hyperthroidism. J. Clin. Endo. Metab. 48: 503-505,1979. PMID:218998
  131. Limbird, L.E., Hickey, A. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Unique uncoupling of the frog erythrocyte adenylate cyclase by manganese. J. Biol. Chem. 254: 2677-2683,1979. PMID:429310
  132. Caron, M.G., Srinivasan, Y., Pitha, J., Kiolek, K. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Affinity chromatography of the beta-adrenergic receptors. J. Biol. Chem. 254: 2923-2927,1979. PMID:218957
  133. Tsai, B.S. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Agonist-specific effects of guanine nucleotides on platelet alpha-adrenergic receptors. Mol. Pharmacol. 16: 61-68, 1979. PMID:39249
  134. Williams, R.S. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Thyroid hormone regulation of alpha-adrenergic receptors: Studies in rat myocardium. J. Cardiovasc. Pharm. 1: 181-189, 1979. PMID:94388
  135. Hancock, A., De Lean, A. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Quantitative resolution of beta-adrenergic receptor subtypes by selective ligand binding: Application of a computerized model fitting technique. Mol. Pharmacol. 16: 1-9, 1979. PMID:39239
  136. Hoffman, B., Schocken, D., Wood, C., Tsai, B.S., De Lean, A. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Alpha-adrenergic receptor subtypes: Quantitative assessment by ligand binding. Life Sci. 24: 1739-1746,1979. PMID:222980
  137. Wood C., Caron, M.G. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Separation of alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors by affinity chromatography. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 88: 1-8, 1979. PMID:222278
  138. Wessels, M., Mullikin, D. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Selective alteration of high affinity agonist binding: A mechanism of beta-adrenergic receptor desensitization. Mol. Pharmacol. 16: 10-20, 1979. PMID:39240
  139. Caron, M.G., Srinivasan, Y., Snyderman, R. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Antibodies raised against purified beta-adrenergic receptors specifically bind beta-adrenergic ligands. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 76: 2263,1979. PMID:36615
  140. Limbird, L.E., De Lean, A., Pike, L.J., Hickey, A. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Differential effects of GTP on the coupling of beta-adrenergic receptors to adenylate cyclase from frog and turkey erythrocytes: Application of new methods for the analysis of receptor-effector coupling. Biochem. Biophys. Acta 586: 298-314, 979. PMID:224939
  141. Tsai, B.S. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Multiple effects of guanine nucleotides on human platelet adenylate cyclase. Biochem. Biophys. Acta 587: 28-41, 1979. PMID:486544
  142. Pike, L.J. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Beta-adrenergic receptors determine affinity but not intrinsic activity of drugs for stimulation of adenylate cyclase. Nature 280: 502-504,1979. PMID:37448
  143. Limbird, L.E., Hickey, A.R. and Lefkowitz, R.J. The molecular size of adenylate cyclase in the absence and presence of nucleotide and hormone effectors. J. Cyclic Nucleotide Res. 5: 251,1979. PMID:573291
  144. Bishopric, N.H., Cohen, H. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Beta-adrenergic receptors in lymphocyte subpopulations. J. All. Clin. Immun. 65: 29-33,1980. PMID:6243144
  145. Caron, M.G., Srinivasan, Y., and Lefkowitz, R.J. Affinity chromatography of the beta-adrenergic receptor and characterization of antibodies raised against purified receptor preparations. Proceedings of the 1st International Colloquium on Receptors, Raven Press , New York, 1979.
  146. Lefkowitz, R.J. Direct radioligand binding studies of adrenergic receptors: Biochemical, physiological and clinical implications. Annal Intern. Med. 91: 450-558, 1979.
  147. Caron, M.G., Limbird, L.E., and Lefkowitz, R.J. The beta-adrenergic receptor of the frog erythrocyte. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 28: 45-67,1979. PMID:231201
  148. Stadel, J. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Multiple reactive sulfhydryl groups modulate the function of adenylate cyclase coupled beta-adrenergic receptors. Mol. Pharmacol. 16: 709-718, 1979. PMID:231192
  149. Hoffman, B.B. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Radioligand binding studies of adrenergic receptors: New insights into molecular and physiological regulation. Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 20: 581-608, 1980. PMID:6247962
  150. Lefkowitz, R.J. and Hoffman, B.B. Adrenergic receptors. Adv. Cyclic Nucleotide Res., Vol. 12 (P. Hamet and H. Sands, eds.). Raven Press, New York, 12: 37-47,1978. PMID:6250368
  151. Stadel, J., De Lean, A. and Lefkowitz, R.J. A high affinity agonist-beta-adrenergic receptor complex is an intermediate for catecholamine stimulation of adenylate cyclase in turkey and frog erythrocyte membranes. J. Biol. Chem. 255: 1436-1441, 1980. PMID:6243637
  152. Mukherjee, A., Wong, T.M., Buja, L.M., Lefkowitz, R.J. and Willerson, J.T. Beta-adrenergic and muscarinic cholinergic receptors in canine myocardium: Effects of ischemia. J. Clin. Invest. 64: 1423-1428, 1979. PMCID:PMC371291
  153. Voeikov, V.L. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Effects of local anesthetic on guanyl nucleotide modulation of the catecholamine sensitive adenylate cyclase systems and on beta-adrenergic receptors. Biochem. Biophys. Acta 629: 266, 1980. PMID:6248119
  154. Hoffman, B.B. and Lefkowitz, R.J. An assay for alpha-adrenergic receptor subtypes using [3H]-dihydroergocryptine. Biochem. Pharmacol. 29: 452-454, 1980. PMID:6244840
  155. Kent, R.S., De Lean, A. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Quantitative analysis of beta-adrenergic receptor interactions: Resolution of high and low affinity states of the receptor by computer modelling of ligand binding data. Mol. Pharmacol. 17: 14-23, 1980. PMID:6104284
  156. De Lean, A. and Lefkowitz, R.J. A comment on [3H]dihydroergocryptine binding in uterine membranes. Nature 283: 109-110, 1980. PMID:6243175
  157. Davies, A. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Regulation of adrenergic receptors in Recent Advances in Clinical Pharmacology, (D. Shand, ed.). Churchill Livingstone Press, 1979.
  158. McConnaughey, M.M., Jones, L.R., Watanabe, A.M., Besch, H.R., Jr., Williams, L.T. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Thyroxine and propylthiouracil effects on alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptor number, ATPase activities and sialic acid content of rat cardiac membrane vesicles. J. Cardiovasc. Pharm. 1:609-624, 1979. PMID:94627
  159. Hoffman, B.B., Mullikin-Kilpatrick, D. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Desensitization of beta-adrenergic stimulated adenylate cyclase in turkey erythrocytes. J. Cyclic Nucleotide Res. 5: 355-366,1979. PMID:230209
  160. Limbird, L.E., Gill, M. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Agonist promoted coupling of the beta-adrenergic receptor with the guanine nucleotide regulatory protein. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 77: 775-779, 980. PMID:6244585
  161. Limbird, L.E., Gill, M., Stadel, J.M., Hickey, A.R. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Loss of beta-adrenergic receptor-guanine nucleotide regulatory protein interactions accompanies decline in catecholamine responsiveness of adenylate cyclase in maturing rat erythrocytes. J. Biol. Chem. 255: 1854-1861, 1980. PMID:6243651
  162. Lefkowitz, R.J., Wessels, M. and Stadel, J. Hormones, receptors and cyclic AMP: Their role in target cell refractoriness in Current Topics in Cellular Regulation, (B. Horecker and E. Stadtman, eds.), 17: 205-230, 1980. PMID:6254729
  163. Lefkowitz, R.J. Alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors in Biochemical Regulation of Blood Pressure, (R. Soffer, ed.). Wiley and Sons, New York, pp. 283-299, 1982.
  164. Hoffman, B.B. and Lefkowitz, R.J. [3H]WB4101: Caution about its role as an alpha-adrenergic subtype selective radioligand. Biochem. Pharmacol. 29: 1537-1541, 1980.PMID:6249320
  165. Lefkowitz, R.J. Technical points for using (-)[3H]dihydroalprenolol in the study of beta-adrenergic receptors in Receptor Site Analysis, Technical Bulletin of New England Nuclear Co., 1979.
  166. Hoffman, B.B. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Radioligand binding studies of peripheral alpha-adrenergic receptor subtypes in Proceedings of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology Meeting, (E. Usdin, ed.), 1979.
  167. Schocken, D., Caron, M.G. and Lefkowitz, R.J. The human placenta--A rich source of beta-adrenergic receptors: Characterization of the receptors in particulate and solubilized preparations. J. Clin. Endo. Metab. 50: 1082-1088, 1980. PMID:6103009
  168. Pitha, J., Zjawiony, J., Lefkowitz, R.J. and Caron, M.G. Macromolecular beta-adrenergic Antagonist discriminating between receptor and antibody. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 77: 2219-2223, 1980. PMID:6154947
  169. Williams, R.S. and Lefkowitz, R.J. The effects of thyroid hormones on adrenergic receptors in Molecular Basis of Thyroid Hormone Action, (A. Samuels and J. Oppenheimer, eds.). Academic Press, New York, 1980.
  170. Stadel, J. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Molecular mechanisms of desensitization of the beta-adrenergic receptor coupled adenylate cyclase. Proc. of the Western Pharmacology Society 23: 469-475, 1980. PMID:5250160
  171. Hoffman, B.B. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Heterogeneity of radioligand binding to alpha-adrenergic receptors: Analysis of guanine nucleotide regulation in relation to receptor subtypes. J. Biol. Chem. 255: 4645-4652, 1980. PMID:6246079
  172. Lefkowitz, R.J. Recent developments in adrenergic receptor research. Annual Reports in Medicinal Chemistry 15: 217, 1980.
  173. Pike, L.J. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Activation and desensitization of beta-adrenergic receptor coupled GTPase and adenylate cyclase of frog and turkey erythrocyte membranes. J. Biol. Chem. 255: 6860-6867, 1980. PMID:6104667
  174. Lefkowitz, R.J. Modifications of adenylate cyclase activity by alpha-and beta-adrenergic receptors: Insights from radioligand binding studies. Proceedings of the Conference on Neurotransmitter Receptors, (E. Usdin, ed.). Pergamon Press, New York, 1980.
  175. De Lean, A., Stadel, J.M. and Lefkowitz, R.J. A ternary complex model explains the agonist-specific binding properties of the adenylate-cyclase coupled beta-adrenergic receptor. J. Biol. Chem. 255: 7108-7117, 1980. PMID:6248546
  176. Davies, A.O. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Corticosteroid-induced differential regulation of beta-adrenergic receptors on lymphocytes and polymorphonuclear leukocytes. J. Clin. Endo. Metab. 51: 599, 1980. PMID:6251106
  177. Hoffman, B.B., Michel, T., Mullikin-Kilpatrick, D., Lefkowitz, R.J., Tolbert, M.E., Gilman, H. and Fain, J. Agonist versus antagonist binding to alpha-adrenergic receptors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 77: 4569-4573, 1980. PMID:6107908
  178. Briggs, M.M. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Parallel modulation of catecholamine activation of adenylate cyclase and formation of high affinity agonist receptor complex in turkey erythrocyte membranes by temperature and cis-vaccenic acid. Biochemistry 19: 4461-4465, 1980. PMID:6250586
  179. Pike, L.J. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Use of cell fusion techniques to probe the mechanism of catecholamine-induced desensitization of adenylate cyclase in frog erythrocytes. Biochem. Biophys. Acta. 632: 354-365, 1980. PMID:6251915
  180. Lefkowitz, R.J. and Hoffman, B.B. New directions in adrenergic receptor research. Part I - Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, 1: 314-317, 1980.
  181. Lefkowitz, R.J. and Hoffman, B.B. New directions in adrenergic receptor research. Part II - Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, 1: 369-372, 1980.
  182. Stadel, J., De Lean, A. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Molecular mechanisms of coupling in hormone-receptor-adenylate cyclase systems. Advances in Enzymology 53: 1-43, 1982. PMID:6277164
  183. Hoffman, B.B. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Alpha-adrenergic receptor subtypes. N. Engl. J. Med. 302: 1390-1396, 1980. PMID:6246426
  184. Lefkowitz, R.J. Pharmacological principles related to the autonomic nervous system in Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 16th Edition, (James B. Wyngaarden and Lloyd H. Smith, Jr., eds.), 1981.
  185. Lefkowitz, R.J. Mechanisms for regulation of beta-adrenergic receptor function in desensitization. Proceedings of the World Conference on Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics. Macmillan Journals, Ltd., pp. 145-153, 1980.
  186. Garcia-Sainz, J.A., Hoffman, B.B., Li, S.Y., Lefkowitz, R.J. and Fain, J. Role of alpha1-adrenoceptors in the turnover of phosphatidylinositol and of alpha2-adrenoceptors in the regulation of cyclic AMP accumulation in hamster adipocytes. Life Sci. 27: 953-962, 1980. PMID:6107811
  187. Lefkowitz, R.J., De Lean, A., Hoffman, B.B., Stadel, J.M., Kent, R., Michel, T. and Limbird, L.E. Molecular pharmacology of adenylate cyclase coupled alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors. Advances in Cyclic Nucleotide Research 14: 145-161, 1981. PMID:6269377
  188. Michel, T., Hoffman, B.B. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Differential regulation of the alpha2-adrenergic receptor by Na+ and guanine nucleotides. Nature 288: 709-711, 1980. PMID:6256638
  189. Pike, L.J. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Correlation of beta-adrenergic receptor stimulated [3H]GDP release and adenylate cyclase activation: Differences between frog and turkey erythrocyte membranes. J. Biol. Chem. 256: 2207-2212, 1981. PMID:6257708
  190. Pitha, J., Zjawiony, J.Z., Nasrin, N., Lefkowitz, R.J. and Caron, M.G. Potent beta-adrenergic antagonist possessing chemically reactive group. Life Sci. 27: 1791-1798, 1980. PMID:6110155
  191. Lefkowitz, R.J. The sympathetic nervous system, catecholamine receptors and hypertension. Frontiers in Hypertension Research (John H. Laragh, Fritz R. Buhler and Donald W. Seldin, eds.), Springer Verlag, pp. 312-315, 1981.
  192. Caron, M.G., Shorr, R.G.L. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Isolation and characterization of the beta-adrenergic receptor of frog erythrocytes and development of potential affinity ligands. Adv. Cyclic Nucleotide Res. 14: 127-134, 1981. PMID:6269375
  193. Hoffman, B.B., Dukes, D. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Alpha-adrenergic receptor subtypes in liver membranes: Delineation with subtype selective radioligands. Life Sci. 28: 265-272, 1981. PMID:6261059
  194. Burns, T.W., Langley, P.E., Terry, B.E., Bylund, D.B., Hoffman, B.B., Tharp, M.D., Lefkowitz, R.J., Garcia-Sainz, J.A. and Fain, J.N. Pharmacological characterization of adrenergic receptors in human adipocytes. J. Clin. Invest. 67: 467-475, 1981. PMCID:PMC370588
  195. Burgisser, E., Lefkowitz, R.J. and De Lean, A. Anomalous equilibrium binding properties of high affinity racemic radioligands. Mol. Pharmacol. 19: 205-216, 1981. PMID:6262614
  196. Davies, A., De Lean, A. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Myocardial beta-adrenergic receptors from adrenalectomized rats: Impaired formation of high affinity agonist receptor complexes. Endocrinology 108: 720-722, 1981. PMID:6256161
  197. Tharp, M., Hoffman, B.B. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Alpha-adrenergic receptors in human adipocyte membranes: Identification by [3H]yohimbine binding. J. Clin. Endo. Metab. 52: 709-714, 1981. PMID:6110673
  198. Williams, R.S., Dukes, D.F. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Subtype specificity of alpha-adrenergic receptors in rat heart. J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. 3: 522-531, 1981. PMID:6168833
  199. Burgisser, E., De Lean, A. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Alternative explanation for the apparent "two step" binding kinetics of high affinity racemic radioligands. Mol. Pharmacol. 19: 509-512, 1981. PMID:6267448
  200. Davies, A.O. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Regulation of adrenergic receptors in Receptor Regulation, (R.J. Lefkowitz, ed.). Churchill Livingstone, London, Series B, Vol. 13, pp. 83-121, 1981.
  201. Lefkowitz, R.J. Biochemical mechanisms of hormone receptor-effector coupling. Minisymposium presented at the 72nd Annual Meeting of the American Society of Biological Chemists, pp. 48-49, 1981.
  202. Michel, T., Hoffman, B. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Regulation of adenylate cyclase by adrenergic receptors in Biochemical Actions of Hormones, (G. Litwack, ed.). Academic Press, New York, pp. 43-68, 1982.
  203. Lavin, T.N., Hoffman, B.B. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Determination of subtype selectivity of alpha-adrenergic antagonists: Comparison of selective and non-selective radioligands. Mol. Pharmacol. 20: 28-34, 1981. PMID:6117003
  204. Shorr, R., Lefkowitz, R.J. and Caron, M. Purification of the beta-adrenergic receptor: Identification of the hormone binding subunit. J. Biol. Chem. 256: 5820-5826, 1981. PMID:6263890
  205. Stiles, G.L. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Thyroid hormone modulation of agonist-beta-adrenergic receptor interactions in the rat heart. Life Sci. 28: 2529-2536, 1981. PMID:6114379
  206. Hoffman, B.B. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Adrenergic receptors in the heart. Annu. Rev. Physiol. 44: 475-484, 1982. PMID:6280590
  207. Hoffman, B.B., Yim, S., Tsai, B.S. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Preferential uncoupling by manganese of alpha adrenergic receptor mediated inhibition of adenylate cyclase in human platelets. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 100: 724, 1981. PMID:6268073
  208. Davies, A.O. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Agonist promoted high affinity state of the beta-adrenergic receptors in human neutrophils: Modulation by corticosteroids. J. Clin. Endo. Metab. 53: 703-708, 1981. PMID:6116722
  209. Michel, T., Hoffman, B.B., Lefkowitz, R.J. and Caron, M.G. Different sedimentation properties of agonist and antagonist-labelled alpha2 adrenergic receptors. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 100: 1131-1136, 1981. PMID:6268079
  210. Stadel, J., Mullikin, D., Dukes, D. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Catecholamine-induced desensitization in turkey erythrocytes: cAMP mediated impairment of high affinity agonist binding without alteration in receptor number. J. Cyclic Nucleotide Res. 7: 37-47, 1981. PMID:6265513
  211. Stiles, G.L. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Identification and characterization of beta-adrenergic receptors in myocardium under normal and pathologic conditions in Catecholamines and the Heart, (W. Delius, E. Gerlach, H. Grobecker and W. Kubler, eds.). Springer-Verlag, 1981, pp. 61-71.
  212. Hoffman, B.B. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Agonist interactions with alpha adrenergic receptors. J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. 4: 514-518, 1982. PMID:6175829
  213. Stadel, J.M., Shorr, R.G.L., Limbird, L.E. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Evidence that a beta-adrenergic receptor associated guanine nucleotide regulatory protein conveys GTP-cS dependent adenylate cyclase activity. J. Biol. Chem. 256: 8718-8723, 1981. PMID:6267049
  214. Hoffman, B.B., Lavin, T.N., Lefkowitz, R.J. and Ruffolo, R.R., Jr. Alpha-adrenergic receptor subtypes in rabbit uterus: Mediation of myometrial contraction and regulation by estrogens. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 219: 290-295, 1981. PMID:6270302
  215. Stiles, G.L., Stadel, J.M., De Lean, A. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Hypothyroidism modulates beta-adrenergic receptor-adenylate cyclase interactions in rat reticulocytes. J. Clin. Invest. 68: 1450-1455, 1981. PMCID:PMC370947
  216. De Lean, A., Hancock, A. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Validation and statistical analysis of a computer modelling method for quantitative analysis of radioligand binding data for mixtures of pharmacological receptor subtypes. Mol. Pharmacol. 21: 5-16, 1982. PMID:6982395
  217. Lavin, T., Heald, S., Jeffs, P., Shorr, R., Lefkowitz, R.J. and Caron, M.G. Photoaffinity labelling of the beta-adrenergic receptor. J. Biol. Chem. 256: 11944-11950, 1981. PMID:6271767
  218. Pitha, J., Zjawiony, J., Lefkowitz, R.J. and Caron, M.G. Polymeric drugs by direct copolymerization: Polymer of beta-adrenergic antagonist alprenolol and its binding to receptors and antibodies. Makromol. Chem. 182: 1945-1950, 1981.
  219. Garcia-Sainz, J.A., Litosch, I., Hoffman, B.B., Lefkowitz, R.J. and Fain, J.N. Effect of thyroid status on alpha- and beta-catecholamine responsiveness of hamster adipocytes. Biochem. Biophys. Acta 678: 334-341, 1981. PMID:6274417
  220. Franki, J.E., Jakoi, L., Davies, A.O., Lefkowitz, R.J., Snyderman, R. and Lazarus, G.S. Polymorphonuclear leukocyte function in psoriasis: Chemotaxis, chemokinesis, beta-adrenergic receptors and proteolytic enzymes of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in the peripheral blood from psoriatic patients. J. Invest. Dermatol. 81: 254-257, 1983. PMID:6309987
  221. Stiles, G. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Characterization of alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors by biochemical methods in Alpha- and Beta-Adrenoceptors and the Cardiovascular System, (R.P. Ahlquist and W. Kobinger, eds.). Excerpta Medica, 1981.
  222. Hoffman, B.B., Michel, T. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Interactions of agonists with platelet alpha2 adrenergic receptors. Endocrinology 110: 926-932, 1982. PMID:6120077
  223. Burgisser, E., De Lean, A. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Reciprocal modulation of agonist and antagonist binding to muscarinic cholinergic receptors by guanine nucleotides. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 79: 1732-1736, 1982. PMID:6979043
  224. Briggs, M. and Lefkowitz, R.J. The beta-adrenergic receptor and adenylate cyclase: Model system for the study of transmembrane signalling in Cellular Regulation of Secretion and Release, (M. Conn, ed.). Academic Press, New York, pp. 23-49, 1982.
  225. Lefkowitz, R.J. Receptor heterogeneity: Subtypes vs. ligand-induced alterations in Membrane Transport and Neuroreceptors (D. Oxender, A. Blume, I. Diamond and C.F. Fox, eds.). Alan R. Liss, Inc., New York, pp. 431-432, 1981.
  226. Lefkowitz, R.J., Caron, M.G., Michel, T. and Stadel, J.M. Mechanisms of hormone receptor-effector coupling: The beta-adrenergic receptor and adenylate cyclase. Fed. Proc. 41: 2664-2670, 1982.PMID:6125416
  227. Caron, M.G., Lavin, T., Shorr, R.G. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Purification and photoaffinity labelling of the beta-adrenergic receptor of frog erythrocytes. Metabolism 31: 658-663, 1982. PMID:6283304
  228. Stadel, J. and Lefkowitz, R.J. The beta-adrenergic receptor: Ligand binding studies illuminate the mechanism of receptor-adenylate cyclase coupling in Current Topics in Membranes and Transport, (R. Martin and A. Kleinzeller, eds.). Academic Press, New York, Vol. 18, pp. 45-66, 1983.
  229. Lefkowitz, R.J. Clinical physiology of adrenergic receptor regulation. Amer. J. Physiol. 243: E43-E47, 1982. PMID:6124130
  230. Shorr, R.G.L., Heald, S.L., Jeffs, P.W., Lavin, T.N., Strohsacker, M.W., Lefkowitz, R.J. and Caron, M.G. The beta-adrenergic receptor: Rapid purification and covalent labelling by photoaffinity crosslinking. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 79: 2778-2782, 1982. PMID:6283543
  231. Stiles, G.L. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Hormone-sensitive adenylate cyclase: Delineation of a trypsin-sensitive site in the pathway of receptor-mediated inhibition. J. Biol. Chem. 257: 6287-6291, 1982. PMID:6281265
  232. Stadel, J. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Differential effects of cholera toxin on guanine nucleotide regulation of beta-adrenergic agonist high affinity binding and adenylate cyclase activation in frog erythrocyte membranes. J. Cyclic Nucleotide Res. 7: 363-374, 1981. PMID:6125532
  233. Wikberg, J. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Adrenergic receptors in the heart: Pre- and postsynaptic mechanisms in nervous control of cardiovascular function. Oxford University Press, 1982.
  234. Stiles, G.L. and Lefkowitz, R.J. A reconstitution assay for the guanine nucleotide regulatory protein of the adenylate cyclase system using the turkey erythrocyte membrane as the acceptor. Arch. Biochem. Biophys.. 217: 368-375, 1982. PMID:6127058
  235. Koo, C., Lefkowitz, R.J. and Snyderman, R. The oligopeptide chemotactic factor receptor on human polymorphonuclear leukocyte membranes exists in two affinity states. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 106: 442-449, 1982. PMID:6285921
  236. Stiles, G.L. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Human platelet adenylate cyclase: Delineation of distinct stimulatory and inhibitory guanine nucleotide regulatory pathways. Transactions of the Association of American Physicians Volume XCV, pp. 244-252, 1982. PMID:6299299
  237. Stiles, G.L., Hoffman, B.B., Hubbard, M., Caron, M.G. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Guanine nucleotides and alpha1 adrenergic receptors in the heart. Biochem. Pharmacol. 32: 69-71, 1983. PMID:6299299
  238. Stadel, J.M., Nambi, P., Lavin, T.N., Heald, S.L., Caron, M.G. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Catecholamine-induced desensitization of turkey erythrocyte adenylate cyclase: Structural alterations in the beta-adrenergic receptor revealed by photoaffinity labelling. J. Biol. Chem. 257: 9242-9245, 1982. PMID:6125504
  239. Shorr, R.G.L., Strohsacker, M.W., Lavin, T.N., Lefkowitz, R.J. and Caron, M.G. The beta1-adrenergic receptor of the turkey erythrocyte: Molecular heterogeneity revealed by purification and photoaffinity labelling. J. Biol. Chem. 257: 12341-12350, 1982. PMID:6288717
  240. Lavin, T.N., Nambi, P., Heald, S.L., Jeffs, P.W., Lefkowitz, R.J. and Caron, M.G. [125I]Para-azidobenzylcarazolol, a photoaffinity label for the beta-adrenergic receptor: Characterization of the ligand and photoaffinity labelling of beta1 and beta2 adrenergic receptors. J. Biol. Chem. 257: 12332-12340, 1982. PMID:6288716
  241. Heinsimer, J.A. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Adrenergic receptors: Biochemistry, Regulation, molecular mechanisms and clinical implications. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 100: 641-658, 1983. PMID:6127370
  242. Vale, R.D., De Lean, A., Lefkowitz, R.J. and Stadel, J.M. Regulation of insulin receptors in frog erythrocytes by insulin and concanavalin A: Evidence for discrete classes of insulin binding sites. Mol. Pharmacol. 22: 619-626, 1982. PMID:6759916
  243. Michel, T. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Hormonal inhibition of adenylate cyclase: Alpha2 adrenergic receptors promote release of [3H]Gpp(NH)p from platelet membranes. J. Biol. Chem. 257: 13557-13563, 1982. PMID:6292195
  244. Wikberg, J. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Alpha2 adrenergic receptors are located prejunctionally in the Auerbach's plexus of the guinea pig small intestine: Direct demonstration by radioligand binding. Life Sci. 31: 2899-2905, 1982. PMID:6298533
  245. Lefkowitz, R.J., Stadel, J.M. and Caron, M.G. Adenylate cyclase-coupled beta-adrenergic receptors: Structure and mechanisms of activation and desensitization. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 52: 159-186, 1983. PMID:6137187
  246. Regan, J., Barden, N., Lefkowitz, R.J., Caron, M.G., DeMarinis, R.M., Krog, A.J., Holden, K.G., Matthews, W.D. and Hieble, J.P. Affinity chromatography of human platelet alpha2-adrenergic receptors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 79: 7223-7227,1982. PMID:6130523
  247. Stadel, J.M., Strulovici, B., Nambi, P., Lavin, T.N., Briggs, M.M., Caron, M.G. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Desensitization of the beta adrenergic receptor of frog erythrocytes: Recovery and characterization of the down regulated receptors in sequestered vesicles. J. Biol. Chem. 258: 3032-3038, 1983. PMID:6298219
  248. Benovic, J.L., Stiles, G.L., Lefkowitz, R.J. and Caron, M.G. Photoaffinity labelling of mammalian beta-adrenergic receptors: Metal-dependent proteolysis explains apparent heterogeneity. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 110: 504-511, 1983. PMID:6301455
  249. Heald, S.L., Jeffs, P.W., Lavin, T.N, Nambi, P., Lefkowitz, R.J. and Caron, M.G. Synthesis of [125I]-labelled (~)-15-[4'-azidobenzyl]-carazolol: A potent beta-adrenergic photoaffinity probe. J. Med. Chem. 26: 832-838, 1983. PMID:6304313
  250. Davies, A.O. and Lefkowitz, R.J. In vitro desensitization of beta-adrenergic receptors in human neutrophils: Attenuation by corticosteroids. J. Clin. Invest. 71: 565-571, 1983. PMCID:PMC436904
  251. Strader, C.D., Pickel, V.M., Joh, T.H., Strohsacker, M.W., Shorr, R.G.L., Lefkowitz, R.J. and Caron, M.G. Antibodies to the beta-adrenergic receptor: Attenuation of catecholamine-sensitive adenylate cyclase and demonstration of postsynaptic receptor localization in brain. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 80: 1840-1844, 1983. PMID:6300875
  252. Lefkowitz, R.J. Adrenergic receptors: Regulation at the biochemical, physiological and clinical levels. Transactions of the American Clinical and Climatological Association 94: 75-90, 1983. PMID:6137097
  253. Stadel, J.M., Nambi, P., Shorr, R.G.L., Sawyer, D.F., Caron, M.G. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Catecholamine-induced desensitization of turkey erythrocyte adenylate cyclase is associated with phosphorylation of the beta adrenergic receptor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 80: 3173-3177, 1983. PMID:6304694
  254. Strulovici, B., Stadel, J.M. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Functional integrity of desensitized beta-adrenergic receptors: Internalized receptors reconstitute catecholamine stimulated adenylate cyclase activity. J. Biol. Chem. 258: 6410-6414, 1983. PMID:6304039
  255. Briggs, M.M., Stadel, J.M., Iyengar, R. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Functional modification of the guanine nucleotide regulatory protein after desensitization of turkey erythrocytes by catecholamines. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 224: 142-151, 1983. PMID:6307146
  256. Kao, K.-J., Tsai, B.-S., McKee, P.A., Lefkowitz, R.J. and Pizzo, S.V. Inhibitory effect of ristocetin and factor VIII/Von Willebrand factor protein on human platelet adenylate cyclase activity. Thromb. Res., 30: 301-308,1983. PMID:6408756
  257. Burgisser, E. and Lefkowitz, R.J. ??adrenergic receptors. Brain Receptor Methodologies Part A - General Methods and Concepts. Amines and Acetylcholine (P.J. Marangos, I. Campbell and R.M. Cohen, eds.), Academic Press, Orlando, Florida, pp. 229-253, 1984.
  258. Stiles, G.L., Strasser, R.H., Lavin, T.N., Jones, L.R., Caron, M.G. and Lefkowitz, R.J. The cardiac beta-adrenergic receptor: Structural similarities of beta1 and beta2 receptor subtypes demonstrated by photoaffinity labelling. J. Biol. Chem. 258: 8443-8449, 1983. PMID:6305985
  259. Koo, C., Lefkowitz, R.J. and Snyderman, R. Guanine nucleotides modulate the binding affinity of the oligopeptide chemoattractant receptor on human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. J. Clin. Invest., 72:748-753, 1983. PMCID:PMC1129239
  260. Davies, A.O. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Regulation of beta-adrenergic receptors by steroid hormones. Annu. Rev. Physiol. 46: 119-130, 1984. PMID:6324653
  261. Wikberg, J.E.S., Lefkowitz, R.J. and Caron, M.G. Solubilization of rat liver alpha1 adrenergic receptors: Agonist specific alteration in receptor binding affinity. Biochem. Pharmacol. 32: 3171-3178, 1983. PMID:6139112
  262. Cerione, R.A., Strulovici, B., Benovic, J.L., Strader, C.D., Caron, M.G. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Reconstitution of ??adrenergic receptors into lipid vesicles: Affinity chromatography purified receptors convey catecholamine responsiveness to a heterologous adenylate cyclase system. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 80: 4899-4903, 1983. PMID:6308659
  263. Stiles, G.L., Taylor, S. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Human cardiac beta-adrenergic receptors: Subtype heterogeneity delineated by direct radioligand binding. Life Sci. 33: 467-473, 1983. PMID:6135968
  264. Stiles, G.L., Caron, M.G. and Lefkowitz, R.J. The beta-adrenergic receptor: Biochemical mechanisms of physiological regulation. Physiol. Rev. 64: 661-743, 1984. PMID:6143332
  265. Stadel, J.M., Nambi, P., Shorr, R.G.L., Sawyer, D.F., Caron, M.G. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Phosphorylation of the ??adrenergic receptor accompanies catecholamine-induced desensitization of turkey erythrocyte adenylate cyclase. Transactions of the Association of American Physicians Volume XCVI, pp. 137-145, 1983. PMID:6093309
  266. Shorr, R.G.L., Lefkowitz, R.J. and Caron, M.G. The beta-adrenergic receptor: Elucidation of its molecular structure. The Enzymes of Biological Membranes, (A.N. Martionsi, ed.), Plenum Press, New York, pp. 399-422, 1984.
  267. Stiles, G.L., Strasser, R.H., Caron, M.G. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Mammalian beta-adrenergic receptors: Structural differences in beta1 and beta2 subtypes revealed by peptide map. J. Biol. Chem. 258: 10689-10694, 1983. PMID:6309811
  268. Stiles, G.L. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Cardiac beta-adrenergic receptors. Annu. Rev. Med., Vol. 35, pp. 149-164, 1984. PMID:6144285
  269. De Lean, A., Rouleau, D. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Activation of adenylate cyclase by beta-adrenergic receptors: Investigation of rate limiting steps by simultaneous assay of high affinity agonist binding and GDP release. Life Sci. 33: 943-954, 1983. PMID:6310288
  270. Caron, M.G., Regan, J.W., Dickinson, K.E.J., Leeb-Lundberg, L.M.F., Benovic, J.L., Wikberg, J.E.S., Heald, S.L., DeMarinis, R.M., DeBernardis, J.F. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Molecular characterization of adrenergic receptors by affinity chromatography and photoaffinity labeling in Neurology and Neurobiology, Catecholamines Part A: Basic and Peripheral Mechanisms (E. Usdin, A. Carlsson, A. Dahlstrom and J. Engel, eds.). Alan R. Liss, Inc., New York, pp. 283-291, 1984.
  271. Lefkowitz, R.J., Stadel, J.M., Cerione, R.A., Strulovici, B. and Caron, M.G. Structure and function of ??adrenergic receptors: Regulation at the molecular level. Adv. Cyclic Nucleotide Res. 17: 19-28, 1984. PMID:6145320
  272. Stiles, G.L., Caron, M.G. and Lefkowitz, R.J. The ??adrenergic receptor: Structure, function and regulation in Mechanisms of Drug Action. Academic Press, New York, pp. 37-48, 1983.
  273. Lefkowitz, R.J. and Michel, T. Plasma membrane receptors. J. Clin. Invest. 72: 1185-1189, 1983. PMCID:PMC370401
  274. Caron, M.G., Leeb-Lundberg, L.M.F., Strader, C.D., Dickinson, K.E.J., Pickel, V.M., Joh, T. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Biochemical characterization of adrenergic receptors: Photoaffinity labeling and immunocytochemical localization in the brain. Monoamine Innervation of Cerebral Cortex (H.E. Jasper, L. Descarries and T.A. Reader, eds.). Alan R. Liss, Inc., New York, pp. 135-151, 1984.
  275. Caron, M.G., Leeb-Lundberg, L.M.F., Strader, C.D., Dickinson, K.E.J., Pickel, V.M., Joh, T. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Molecular biology of adrenergic receptors in the rat and frog central nervous system. Hypertension 6: II-22 - II-27, 1984. PMID:6321475
  276. Leeb-Lundberg, L.M.F., Dickinson, K.E.J., Heald, S.L., Wikberg, J.E.S., DeBernardis, J.F., Winn, M., Arendsen, D.L., Lefkowitz, R.J. and Caron, M.G. Covalent labeling of the cerebral cortex a1-adrenergic receptor with a new high affinity radioiodinated photoaffinity probe. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 115: 946-951, 1983. PMID:6313003
  277. Cerione, R.A., Strulovici, B., Benovic, J.L., Lefkowitz, R.J. and Caron, M.G. The pure ??drenergic receptor: A single polypeptide confers catecholamine responsiveness to an adenylate cyclase system. Nature 306: 562-566, 1983. PMID:6316161
  278. Shorr, R.G.L., Kempner, E.S., Strohsacker, M.W., Nambi, P., Lefkowitz, R.J. and Caron, M.G. Determination of the molecular size of frog and turkey erythrocyte beta adrenergic receptors by radiation inactivation. Biochemistry 23: 747-753, 1984.
  279. Heinsimer, J.A. and Lefkowitz, R.J. The beta-adrenergic receptor in heart failure. Hospital Practice 18: 103-125, 1983. PMID:6138306
  280. Lefkowitz, R.J., Nambi, P., Stadel, J.M., Cerione, R., Strulovici, B. and Caron, M.G. Beta-adrenergic receptors: Physiological regulation studied at the molecular level. Catecholamines as Hormone Regulators, (N. Ben-Jonathan, J.M. Bahr and R.I. Weiner, eds.), Raven Press, New York, Vol. 18, pp. 65-75, 1985.
  281. Leeb-Lundberg, L.M.F., Dickinson, K.E.J., Heald, S.L., Wikberg, J.E.S., Hagen, P.-O., DeBernardis, J.F., Winn, M., Arendsen, D.L., Lefkowitz, R.J. and Caron, M.G. Photoaffinity labeling of mammalian a1-adrenergic receptors: Identification of the ligand binding subunit with a high affinity radioiodinated probe. J. Biol. Chem. 259: 2579-2587, 1984. PMID:6321475
  282. Lefkowitz, R.J. Not necessarily about receptors. Clin. Res. 31: 543-549, 1983.
  283. Strulovici, B. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Activation, desensitization and recycling of frog erythrocyte ??adrenergic receptors: Differential perturbation by in situ trypinsization. J. Biol. Chem. 259: 4389-4391, 1984. PMID:6323469
  284. Nambi, P., Sibley, D.R., Stadel, J.M., Michel, T., Peters, J.R. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Cell free desensitization of catecholamine-sensitive adenylate cyclase: Agonist and cAMP promoted alterations in turkey erythrocyte beta-adrenergic receptors. J. Biol. Chem. 259: 4629-4633, 1984. PMID:6323481
  285. Willingham, M.C., Strader, C.D., Lefkowitz, R.J. and Pastan, I. Morphologic demonstration of clathrin-coated pits in frog and turkey erythrocytes. Exp. Cell Res. 151: 573-577, 1984. PMID:6142826
  286. Sibley, D.R., Peters, J.R., Nambi, P., Caron, M.G. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Photoaffinity labeling of turkey erythrocyte beta-adrenergic receptors: Degradation of the Mr = 49,000 protein explains apparent heterogeneity. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 119: 458-464, 1984. PMID:6324763
  287. Heinsimer, J.A., Davies, A.O., Downs, R.W., Levine, M.A., Spiegel, A.M., Drezner, M.K., De Lean, A., Wreggett, K.A., Caron, M.G. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Impaired formation of ??adrenergic receptor-nucleotide regulatory protein complexes in pseudohypoparathyroidism. J. Clin. Invest. 73: 1335-1343, 1984. PMCID:PMC425155
  288. Shorr, R.G.L., Strohsacker, M.W., Rebar, R., Lefkowitz, R.J., Caron, M.G. and Crooke, S.T. Membrane bound hormone receptor purification and characterization by HPLC in Progress in HPLC: Gel Permeation of Proteins and Peptides, (H. Arvez, S. Arvez and Y. Kato, eds.). VNU Science Press, Utrecht, Holland, 1984.
  289. Strulovici, B. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Adenylate cyclase coupled ??adrenergic receptors: Biochemical Mechanisms of Desensitization in Mechanisms of Receptor Regulation, (G. Poste and S.T. Crooke, es.). Plenum Publishing Corp., New York, N.Y., pp. 279-294, 1985.
  290. Stiles, G.L., Benovic, J.L., Caron, M.G. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Mammalian ??adrenergic receptors: Distinct glycoprotein populations containing high mannose or complex type carbohydrate chains. J. Biol. Chem. 259: 8655-8663, 1984. PMID:6330118
  291. Regan, J.W., DeMarinis, R.M., Caron, M.G. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Identification of the subunit binding site of ???adrenergic receptors using [3H]phenoxybenzamine. J. Biol. Chem. 259: 7864-7869, 1984. PMID:6330087
  292. Stiles, G.L. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Thyroid hormones and the ??adrenergic receptor-adenylate cyclase system. Thyroid Today VII: 1-6, 1984.
  293. Caron, M.G., Cerione, R.A., Benovic, J.L., Strulovici, B., Staniszewski, C., Lefkowitz, R.J., Codina-Salada, J. and Birnbaumer, L. Biochemical characterization of the adrenergic receptors: Affinity labeling, purification and reconstitution studies. Adv. Cyclic Nucleotide Res. 19: 1-12, 1985. PMID:2988293
  294. Lefkowitz, R.J., Caron, M.G. and Stiles, G.L. Mechanisms of membrane receptor regulation: Biochemical, physiological and clinical insights derived from studies of the adrenergic receptors. N. Engl. J. Med. 310: 1570-1577, 1984. PMID:6145093
  295. Sibley, D.R., Peters, J.R., Nambi, P., Caron, M.G. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Desensitization of turkey erythrocyte adenylate cyclase: Beta-adrenergic receptor phosphorylation is correlated with attenuation of adenylate cyclase activity. J. Biol. Chem. 259: 9742-9749, 1984. PMID:6086645
  296. Dickinson, K.E.J., Leeb-Lundberg, L.M.F., Heald, S.L., Wikberg, J.E.S., DeBernardis, J.F., Caron, M.G. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Photoaffinity crosslinking of a radioiodinated probe 125I-A55453 into a1-adrenergic receptors. Mol. Pharmacol. 26: 187-195, 1984. PMID:6090880
  297. Nambi, P., Sibley, D.R., Caron, M.G. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Photoaffinity labeling of ??adrenergic receptors in mammalian tissues. Biochem. Pharmacol. 33: 3813-3822, 1984. PMID:6095862
  298. Benovic, J.L., Shorr, R.G.L., Caron, M.G. and Lefkowitz, R.J. The mammalian ?2-adrenergic receptor: Purification and characterization. Biochemistry 23: 4510-4518, 1984. PMID:6093858
  299. Cerione, R.A., Codina, J., Benovic, J.L., Lefkowitz, R.J., Birnbaumer, L. and Caron, M.G. The mammalian ?2-adrenergic receptor: Reconstitution of functional interactions between the pure receptor and the pure stimulatory nucleotide binding protein (Ns) of the adenylate cyclase system. Biochemistry 23: 4519-4525, 1984. PMID:6149763
  300. Garcia-Sainz, J.A., Boyer, J.L., Michel, T., Sawyer, D., Stiles, G.L., Dohlman, H. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Effect of pertussis toxin on alpha2-adrenoceptors: Decreased formation of the high affinity state for agonists. FEBS Lett. 172: 95-98, 1984. PMID:6329826
  301. Strulovici, B., Cerione, R.A., Kilpatrick, B.F., Caron, M.G. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Direct demonstration of impaired functionality of a purified desensitized ??adrenergic receptor in a reconstituted system. Science 225: 837-840, 1984. PMID:6089331
  302. Sibley, D.R., Nambi, P., Peters, J.R. and Lefkowitz. R.J. Phorbol diesters promote ??adrenergic receptor phosphorylation and adenylate cyclase desensitization in duck erythrocytes. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 121: 973-979, 1984. PMID:6331437
  303. Cerione, R.A., Sibley, D.R., Codina, J., Benovic, J.L., Winslow, J., Neer, E.J., Birnbaumer, L., Caron, M.G. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Reconstitution of a hormone-sensitive adenylate cyclase system: The pure ??adrenergic receptor and guanine nucleotide regulatory protein confer hormone responsiveness on the resolved catalytic unit. J. Biol. Chem. 259: 9979-9982, 1984. PMID:6088509
  304. Strasser, R.H., Stiles, G.L. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Translocation and uncoupling of the beta-adrenergic receptor in rat lung after catecholamine promoted desensitization in vivo. Endocrinology 115: 1392-1400, 1984. PMID:6090100
  305. Stiles, G.L., Caron, M.G. and Lefkowitz, R.J. The characterization of mammalian ?1- and ?2-adrenergic receptors. Proceedings of the Satellite Symposium "The Pharmacology of Adrenoceptors" of the 9th International Congress of Pharmacology, Manchester, England, August 6-8, 1985.
  306. Caron, M.G., Cerione, R.A., Leeb-Lundberg, L.M.F., Benovic, J.L., Regan, J.W., Dickinson, K.E.J., Heald, S.L. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Biochemical characterization of the adrenergic receptors: Purification, affinity labelling and reconstitution studies. Proceedings of the 7th International Congress of Endocrinology, Quebec, Canada, July 1-7, 1985.
  307. Lefkowitz, R.J., Cerione, R.A., Benovic, J.L., Strulovici, B., Stiles, G.L., Codina, J., Birnbaumer, L. and Caron, M.G. Purification, characterization and reconstitution of the adenylate cyclase-coupled ??adrenergic receptor. IUPHAR 9th International Congress of Pharmacology, Proceedings, (W. Paton, J. Mitchell and P. Turner, eds.), Vol. 1, pp. 293-297, 1985.
  308. Dickinson, K.E.J. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Adrenergic receptors in Encyclopedia of Neuroscience (G. Adelman, ed.), Birkhauser Boston, Inc., Cambridge, Mass., Vol.I, 14-16, 1987.
  309. Strader, C.D., Sibley, D.R. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Association of sequestered beta-adrenergic receptors with the plasma membrane: A novel mechanism for receptor down regulation. Life. Sci. 35: 1601-1610, 1984. PMID:6090842
  310. DeMarinis, R.M., Krog, A.J., Shah, D.H., Lafferty, J., Holden, K.G., Hieble, J.P., Matthews, W.D., Regan, J.W., Lefkowitz, R.J. and Caron, M.G. Development of affinity ligands for purification of alpha2 adrenoceptors from human platelet membranes. J. Med. Chem. 27: 918-921, 1984. PMID:6330361
  311. Birnbaumer, L., Codina, J., Mattera, R., Hildebrandt, J.D., Sunyer, T., Rojas, F.J., Cerione, R.A., Caron, M.G., Lefkowitz, R.J. and Iyengar, R. The structural basis for the reciprocal regulation of hormone receptors and adenylyl cyclases with special emphasis on the mode of action of glucagon. Hormonal Control of Gluconeogenesis, (Edited by Naomi Kraus-Friedmann), CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, Florida, Vol. II, 1986.
  312. Stiles, G.L., Strasser, R.H., Kilpatrick, B.F., Taylor, S.R. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Endogenous proteinases modulate the function of the ??adrenergic receptor-adenylate cyclase system. Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 802: 390-398, 1985. PMID:6095918
  313. Peters, J.R., Nambi, P., Sibley, D.R. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Enhanced adenylate cyclase activity of turkey erythrocytes following treatment with ??adrenergic receptor antagonists. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 107: 43-52, 1985. PMID:6151904
  314. Birnbaumer, L., Codina, J., Mattera, R., Cerione, R.A., Hildebrandt, J.D., Sunyer, T., Rojas, F.J., Caron, M.G., Lefkowitz, R.J. and Iyengar, R. Regulation of hormone receptors and adenylyl cyclase by guanine nucleotide binding N protein. Recent Progress in Hormone Research (R.O. Greep, ed.), Vol 41, pp. 41-99, Academic Press, Orlando, Florida, 1986. PMID:2996090
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  316. Heinsimer, J.A. and Lefkowitz, R.J. The impact of aging on adrenergic receptor function: Clinical and biochemical aspects. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 33: 184-188, 1985.
  317. Birnbaumer, L., Codina, J., Sunyer, T., Hildebrandt, J.D., Cerione, R.A., Lefkowitz, R.J. and Caron, M.G. Dual coupling mechanisms in the regulation of cAMP formation. Proceedings of the Princess Liliane Symposium on "The Role of Receptors in Biology and Medicine," Brussels, Belgium, Oct. 29-30, pp. 193-211, 1985.
  318. Birnbaumer, L., Codina, J., Sunyer, T., Rosenthal, W. and Hildebrandt, J.D., Cerione, R.A., Caron, M.G., Lefkowitz, R.J., Sekura, R.D. Structural and functional properties of Ns and Ni, the regulatory components of adenylyl cyclases. In Pertussis Toxin, (Sekura, R.D., Moss, J. and Vaughn, M., eds.), Academic Press, New York, pp. 77-104, 1985.
  319. Cerione, R.A., Benovic, J.L., Codina, J., Staniszewski, C., Sibley, D.R., Winslow, J., Gierschik, P., Somers, R., Strulovici, B., Spiegel, A.M., Neer, E.J., Birnbaumer, L., Lefkowitz, R.J. and Caron, M.G. Reconstitution of the ??adrenergic-coupled adenylate cyclase system into phospholipid vesicles. Symposia Medica Hoechst, Vol. 19, "Adrenergic Receptors: Molecular Properties and Therapeutic Implications," (R.J. Lefkowitz and E. Lindenlaub, eds.), Schattauer Verlag, Stuttgart, West Germany, pp. 300-326, 1985.
  320. Caron, M.G., Benovic, J.L., Stiles, G.L., Leeb-Lundberg, L.M.F., Dickinson, K.E.J., Regan, J.W., Heald, S.L., Nambi, P., Strulovici, B., Cerione, R.A. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Biochemical properties of the adrenergic receptors delineated by purification and photoaffinity labeling. Symposia Medica Hoechst, Vol. 19, "Adrenergic Receptors: Molecular Properties and Therapeutic Implications," (R.J. Lefkowitz and E. Lindenlaub, eds.), Schattauer Verlag, Stuttgart, West Germany, pp. 7-27, 1985.
  321. Nambi, P., Stadel, J.M., Sibley, D.R., Strulovici, B., Caron, M.G. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Mechanisms of ??adrenergic receptor desensitization. Symposia Medica Hoechst, Vol. 19, "Adrenergic Receptors: Molecular Properties and Therapeutic Implications," (R.J. Lefkowitz and E. Lindenlaub, eds.), Schattauer Verlag, Stuttgart, West Germany, pp. 437-451, 1985.
  322. Nambi, P., Peters, J.R., Sibley, D.R. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Desensitization of the turkey erythrocyte ??adrenergic receptor in a cell-free system: Evidence that multiple protein kinases can phosphorylate and desensitize the receptor. J. Biol. Chem. 260: 2165-2171, 1985. PMID:2982811
  323. Sibley, D.R., Strasser, R.H., Caron, M.G. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Homologous desensitization of adenylate cyclase is associated with phosphorylation of the ??adrenergic receptor. J. Biol. Chem. 260: 3883-3886, 1985. PMID:2858484
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  771. Walker, J.K.L., Gainetdinov, R.R., Feldman, D.S., Fawn, P.K., Caron, M.G., Lefkowitz, R.J., Premont, R.T. and Fisher, J.T. G protein-coupled receptor kinase 5 regulates airway responses induced by muscarinic receptor activation, Am. J. Physiol. Lun Cell Mol. Physiol, 286:L312-319, 2004.
  772. Kavelaars, A., Vroon, A., Raatgever, R., Fong, A.M., Premont, R., Patel, D.D., Lefkowitz, R.J. and Heijnen, C.J. Increased acute inflammation, leukotriene B4-induced chemotaxis and signaling in mice deficient for G Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase 6 J. Immunol., 171: 6128-6134, 2003.
  773. Povsic, T.J., Kohout, T.A. and Lefkowitz, R.J. ?-Arrestin1 mediates IGF-1 stimulated activation of PI-3-K and anti-apoptosis. J. Biol. Chem., 278:51334-51339, 2003. PMID:14534298
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  776. Ahn, S., Wei, H., Garrison, T.R. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Reciprocal Regulation of Angiotensin Receptor-activated Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinases by ?-Arrestins 1 and 2. J. Biol. Chem., 279:7807-7811, 2004. PMID:14711824
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  778. Fukuto, H.S., Ferkey, D.M., Apicella, A.J., Lans, H., Sharmeen, T., Chen, W., Lefkowitz, R.J., Jansen, G., Schafer, W.R. and Hart, A.C. G Protein-coupled receptor kinase function is essential for Chemosensation in C. elegans. Neuron 42: 581-593, 2004.
  779. Freedman, N.J. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Anti-?1-adrenergic receptor antibodies and heart failure: causation, not just correlation. J. Clin. Invest. 113: 1379-1382, 2004. PMID:15146232
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  782. Martin, N.P., Whalen, E.J., Zamah, M.A., Pierce, K.L. and Lefkowitz, R.J. PKA mediated phosphorylation of the ?1-adrenergic receptor promotes Gs/Gi switching. Cellular Signalling 16: 1397-1403, 2004
  783. Witherow, D.S., Garrison, T.R., Miller, W.E. and Lefkowitz, R.J. ?-arrestin inhibits NF?B activity via its interaction with the NF?B inhibitor I?B?. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101: 8603-8607, 2004.
  784. Tachibana, H., Prasad, S.V.N., Lefkowitz, R.J., Koch, W.J. and Rockman, H.A. Level of ?ARK1 inhibition determines the degree of cardiac dysfunction following chronic pressure overload induced heart failure. Circulation 111: 591-597, 2005.
  785. Xu, M., Petraschka, M., McLaughlin, J.P., Westenbroek, R.E., Caron, M.G., Lefkowitz, R.J., Czyzyk, T.A., Pintar, J.E., Terman, G.W. and Chavkin, C. Neuropathic pain activates the endogenous ? opioid system in mouse spinal cord and induces opioid receptor tolerance. Journal of Neuroscience 24, 4576-4584, 2004.
  786. Lefkowitz, R.J. and Whalen, E.J. ?-arrestins: traffic cops of cell signaling. Current Opinion in Cell Biology 16, 1-7, 2004.
  787. Wang, Q., Zhao, J., Brady, A.E., Feng, J., Allen, P.B., Lefkowitz, R.J., Greengard, P. and Limbird, L.E. Spinophilin blocks arrestin actions in vitro and in vivo at G protein-coupled receptors. Science 304:1940-1944, 2004.
  788. Bond, R.A. and Lefkowitz, R.J. "GPCRs as Drug Targets - Analysis of Activation and Constitutive Activity". Historical Background. Seifert, Wieland (Eds.) (Series: Methods and Principles in Medicinal Chemistry. Series editors: R. Mannhold, H. Kubinyi, G. Folkers), Wiley-VCH publishers, Volume 24, pages 3-10, 2005.
  789. Bohn, L.M., Dykstra, L.A., Lefkowitz, R.J., Caron, M.G. and Barak, L.S. Relative opioid efficacy is determined by the complements of the G protein-coupled receptor desensitization machinery. Mol. Pharmacol. 66: 106-112, 2004. PMID:15213301
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  791. Dinudom, A., Fotia, A.B., Lefkowitz, R.J., Young, J.A., Kumar, S, and Cook, D.I. The Kinase Grk2 regulates Nedd4/Nedd4-dependent control of epithelial Na+ channels. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 101: 11886-11890, 2004.
  792. Usui, I., Imamura, T., Huang, J., Satoh, H., Shenoy, S.K., Lefkowitz, R.J., Hupfeld, C.J. and Olefsky, J.M. ?-Arrestin-1 competitively inhibits insulin-induced ubiquitination and degradation of insulin receptor substrate-1. Mol. Cell Biol. 24: 8929-8937, 2004.
  793. Lefkowitz, R.J. Historical review: A brief history and personal retrospective of seven-transmembrane receptors. Trends in Pharmacological Sciences 25/8: 413-422, 2004. PMID:15276710
  794. Wei, H., Ahn, S., Barnes, W.G. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Stable interaction between ?-arrestin 2 and AT1A receptor is required for ?-arrestin 2 mediated activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2. J, Biol. Chem. 279: 48255-48261, 2004. PMID:15355986
  795. Ge, L., Shenoy, S.K., Lefkowitz, R.J., DeFea, K.A. Constitutive protease-activated receptor-2 mediated migration of MDA MB-231 breast cancer cells requires both ?-arrestin-1 and 2. J. Biol. Chem. 279: 55419-55424, 2004. PMID:15489220
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  797. Shenoy, S.K. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Resonating to the music of Ubiquitination. News and Views. In Nature Methods 1:191-193, 2004.
  798. Chen, W., Ren, X, Nelson, C.D., Barak, L.S., Chen, J.K., Beachy, PA., de Sauvage, F., and Lefkowitz, R.J. Activity-Dependent Internalization of Smoothened Mediated by β-arrestin 2 and GRK2, Science, 306:2257-2260, 2004.
  799. Kim, J., Ahn, S., Ren, X-R., Whalen, E., Reiter, E., Wei, H. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Functional antagonism of different G protein-coupled receptor kinases for β-arrestin-mediated angiotensin II Receptor signaling. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 102: 1442-1447, 2005.
  800. Ren, X-R., Reiter, E., Ahn, S., Kim, J., Chen, W. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Different G protein-coupled receptor kinases govern G protein and β-arrestin-mediated signaling of V2 vasopressin receptor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 102: 1448-1453, 2005.
  801. Hunton, D.L., Barnes, W.G., Kim, J., Ren, X-R, Violin, J.D., Reiter E., Milligan, G., Patel, D. and Lefkowitz, R.J. β-Arrestin 2 dependent AT1A receptor mediated pathway of chemotaxis uncoupled from G protein Signaling. Mol. Pharmacol. 67: 1229-1236, 2005. PMID:15635042
  802. Barnes, W.G., Reiter, E., Violin, J.D., Ren, X-R., Milligan, G. and Lefkowitz, R.J. β-Arrestin1 and G?q/11 coordinately activate RhoA and stress fiber formation following receptor stimulation. J. Biol. Chem., 280:8041-8050, 2005. PMID:15611106
  803. Milasta, S., Evans, N.A., Ormiston, L, Wilson, S., Lefkowitz, R.J., and Milligan, G. The affinity of interactions between the orexin-1 receptor and β-arrestin-2 determines the kinetics of ERK MAP kinase regulation and is defined by a single C-terminal cluster of hydroxyl amino acids. Biochem. J. 387:573-584, 2005.
  804. Lefkowitz, R.J. and Shenoy, S.K. Transduction of Receptor Signals by β-arrestins. Science 308: 512-517, 2005.
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  807. Beaulieu, J-M., Sotnikova, T.D., Marion, S., Lefkowitz, R.J., Gainetdinov, R.R. and Caron, M.G. An Akt/β-arrestin 2/PP2A signaling complex mediates dopaminergic neurotransmission and behavior. Cell 122: 261-273, 2005.
  808. Summary of Wenner-Gren international symposium receptor-receptor interactions among heptaspanning membrane receptors: from structure to function. J Mol Neurosci. 26(2-3):293-4, 2005
  809. Shenoy, S.K. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Seven-Transmembrane Receptor Signaling Through β-Arrestin. Science', STKE: www.stke.org/cgi/content/full/sigtrans;205/308/cm10.
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  811. Rajagopal, K., Lefkowitz, R.J. and Rockman, H.A. When 7 transmembrane receptors are not G protein-coupled receptors. J. Clin. Invest. 115: 2971-2974, 2005.PMCID:PMC1265881
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  813. Gesty-Palmer, G., Chen, M., Reiter, E., Ahn, S, Nelson C.D., Loomis, C.R., Spurney, R.F, Luttrell, L.M., and Lefkowitz, R.J. Distinct β-arrestin and G protein dependent pathways for parathyroid hormone receptor-stimulated ERK 1/2 activation. J. Biol. Chem. 281:10856-10864, 2006.PMID:16492667
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  815. Violin, J.D., Ren, X-R and Lefkowitz, R.J. GRK specificity for beta-arrestin recruitment to the beta2-adrenergic receptor revealed by fluorescence resonance energy transfer. J. Biol. Chem. 281: 20577-20588, 2006. PMID:16687412
  816. Meloni, A.R., Fralish, G.B., Kelly, P., Salahpour, A., Chen, J.K., Wechsler-Reya, R.J., Lefkowitz, R.J., Caron, M.G. Smoothened Signal Transduction is Promoted by G-Protein Coupled Receptor Kinase 2. Molecular and Cellular Biology 26: 7550-7560, 2006.
  817. Drake, M.T., Shenoy, S.K. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Trafficking of G Protein - Coupled Receptors. Circ. Res. 99:570-582, 2006. PMID:16973913
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  819. Rajagopal, K., Whalen, E.J., Violin, J.D., Stiber, J.A., Rosenberg, P.B., Premont, R.T., Coffman, T.M., Rockman, H.W., and Lefkowitz, R.J. β-arrestin2-Mediated Inotropic Effects of the Angiotensin II Type 1A Receptor in Isolated Cardiac Myocytes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 103:16284-16289, 2006.
  820. Violin, J.D., DeWire, S.M., Barnes, W.G., and Lefkowitz, R.J. GRK and β-arrestin Mediated Desensitization of the Angiotensin II Type 1A Receptor Elucidated by Diacylglycerol Dynamics. J. Biol. Chem. 281:36411-36419, 2006. PMID:17008309
  821. Lefkowitz, R.J. Seven Transmembrane Receptors - A Brief Personal Retrospective. Biochemica et Biophysica Acta 1768: 748-755, 2007. PMID:17173855
  822. Nelson, C.D., Perry, S.J., Regier, D.S., Prescott, S.M., Topham, M.K. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Targeting of Diacylglycerol Degradation to M1 Muscarinic Receptors by β-arrestins. Science 315: 663-666, 2006.
  823. Girnita, L., Shenoy S.K., Sehat, B., Vasilcanu, R., Vasilcanu, D., Girnita, A., Lefkowitz, R.J., and Larsson, O. β-arrestin and Mdm2 mediated IGF-1 receptor stimulated ERK activation and cell cycle progression. J. Biol. Chem. 282:11329-11338, 2007. PMID:17303558
  824. Violin, J.D. and Lefkowitz, R.J. β-Arrestin-Biased Ligands at Seven-Transmembrane Receptors. Trends in Pharmacological Sciences 28:416-422, 2007. PMID:17644195
  825. Whalen, E.J., Foster, MW, Matsumoto, A, Ozawa, K, Violin, J.D., Que, L.G., Benhar, M., Keys, J.R., Koch, W.J., Daaka, Y., Lefkowitz, R.J., and Stamler, J.S. Regulation of β-adrenergic receptor Signaling by S-nitrosylation of G Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase 2. Cell 129:511-522, 2007.
  826. DeWire, S.M., Ahn, S., Lefkowitz, R.J., and Shenoy, S.K. β-arrestins and Cell Signaling. Annu Rev. Physiology 69:483-510, 2007.
  827. Lefkowitz, R.J. Seven transmembrane receptors: something old, something new. Acta Physiologica 190:9-19, 2007.
  828. Nobles, K.N., Ziqiang G., Kunhong, X, Oas T.G., and Lefkowitz, R.J. The Active Conformation of β-arrestin1: Direct Evidence for the Phosphate Sensor in the N-domain and Conformational Differences in the Active States of beta;-arrestins1 and 2. J. Biol. Chem. 282:21370-21381, 2007. PMID:17513300
  829. Xiao, K., McClatchy, D.B., Shukla, A.K., Zhao, Y., Chen, M., Shenoy, S.K., Yate, J.R., and Lefkowitz, R.J. Functional Specialization of 7beta;-arrestin Interactions Revealed by Proteomic Analysis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., USA, 104:12011-12016, 2007.
  830. Noma, T., Lemaire, A., Prasad, S.V.N., Barki-Harrington, L., Tilley, D.G., Chen, J., Corvoisier P., Violin, J.D., Wei, H., Lefkowitz, R.J. and Rockman, H.A. β-Arrestin mediated β1-adrenergic receptor transactivation of the epidermal growth factor receptor confers cardioprotection. J. Clin. Invest. 117:2445-2458, 2007. PMCID:PMC1952636
  831. Shenoy, S.K., Barak, L.S., Xiao, K. Ahn, S., Luttrell, L.M., and Lefkowitz, R.J. Ubiquitination of β-arrestin links 7-transmembrane receptor endocytosis and ERK activation. J. Biol. Chem. 282: 29549-29562, 2007. PMID:17666399
  832. Wisler, J.W, DeWire, S.M, Whalen, E.J, Violin, J.D, Drake, M.T, Ahn, S., Shenoy, S.K, and Lefkowitz, R.J. A novel mechanism of beta blocker action: carvedilol stimulates β-arrestin signaling. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 104:16657-16662, 2007.
  833. Beaulieu, J-M., Marion, S., Rodriguiz, R.M., Medvedev, I.O., Sotnikova, T.D., Ghisi, V., Wetsel, W.C., Lefkowitz, R.J., Gainetdinov, R.R. and Caron, M.G. A ?-arrestin 2 signaling complex mediates lithium action in vivo. Cell 132: 125-136, 2008.
  834. Violin, J.D., DiPilato, L.M., Yildirim, N., Elston, T.C., Zhang, J. and Lefkowitz, R.J. ?2-Adrenergic receptor signaling and desensitization elucidated by quantitative modeling of real-time cAMP dynamics. J. Biol. Chem. 283: 2949-2961, 2008. PMID:18045878
  835. Lefkowitz, R.J. The Annual ASCI Meeting: Does Nostalgia Have a Future? J. Clin. Invest. 118: 1231-1233, 2008. PMCID:PMC2276792
  836. Drake, M.T., Violin, J.D., Whalen, E.J., Wisler, J.W., Shenoy, S.K. and Lefkowitz, R.J. ?-Arrestin-Biased Agonism at the ?2-Adrenergic Receptor. J. Biol. Chem. 283:5669-5676, 2008.PMID:18086673
  837. Lefkowitz, R.J., Sun, J-P, Shukla, A.K. A Crystal Clear View of the ?2-Adrenergic Receptor. Nature Biotechnology 26: 189-191, 2008.
  838. DeWire, S.M., Kim, J., Whalen, E.J., Ahn, S., Chen, M. and Lefkowitz, R.J. ?-Arrestin-mediated Signaling Regulates Protein Synthesis. J. Biol. Chem. 283: 10611-10620, 2008.PMID:2447657
  839. Shukla, A.K., Violin, J.D., Whalen, E.J., Gesty-Palmer, D., Shenoy, S.K. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Distinct conformational changes in beta-arrestin report biased agonism at seven-transmembrane receptors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 105: 9988-9995, 2008. PMCID:PMC2481318
  840. Kovacs, J.J., Whalen, E.J., Liu, R., Xiao, K., Kim, J., Chen, M., Wang, J., Chen, W. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Beta-arrestin mediated localization of smoothened to the primary cilium. Science 320: 1777-1781, 2008. PMCID:PMC2587210
  841. Ozawa, K., Hess, D.T., Lefkowitz, R.J., and Stamler, J.S. S-nitrosylation of b-arrestin regulates b-adrenergic receptor trafficking. Molecular Cell 31: 395-405, 2008. PMID:18519945
  842. Kim, J., Zhang, L., Peppel, K., Wu, J-H, Zidar, D.A., Brian, L., DeWire, S.M., Lefkowitz, R.J., and Freedman, N.J. β-arrestins Regulate Atherosclerosis and Neointimal Hyperplasia by Controlling Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation and Migration. Circulation Research 103: 70-79, 2008.PMID:PMC2760159
  843. Barak, L.S., Salapour, A., Zhang, X., Masri, B., Sotnikova, T.D., Ramsey, A.J., Violin, J.D., Lefkowitz, R.J., Caron, M.G., and Gainetdinov, R.R. Pharmacological characterization of membrane-expressed human trace amine associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) by a bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) cAMP biosensor. Mol., Pharm. 74: 585-594, 2008.PMID:18524885
  844. Nelson, C.D., Kovacs, J.J., Nobles, K.N., Whalen, E.J. and Lefkowitz, R.J. ?-arrestin scaffolding of phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase I? promotes agonist-stimulated sequestration of the ?-2-adrenergic receptor. J. Biol. Chem. 283: 21093-21101, 2008. PMCID:PMC2475702
  845. Shukla, A.K., Sun, J.P. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Cystallizing thinking about the beta2-adrenergic receptor. Mol. Pharmacol. 73: 1333-1338, 2008. PMID:18239031
  846. Tarrant, T.K., Rampersad, R.R., Esserman, D., Rothlein, L.R., Liu, P., Premont, R.T., Lefkowitz, R.J., Lee, D.M. and Patel, D.D. Granulocyte chemotaxis and disease expression are differentially regulated by GRK subtype in an acute inflammatory arthritis model (K/BxN). Clinical Immunology 129: 115-122, 2008.PMCID:PMC2637521
  847. Ahn, S., Kim, J., Hara, M.R., Ren, X-R. and Lefkowitz, R.J. ?-Arrestin-2 Mediates Anti-Apoptotic Signaling Through Regulation of BAD Phosphorylation. J. Biol. Chem. 284: 8855-8865, 2009.PMCID:PMC2659243
  848. Shenoy, S.K., Modi, A.S., Shukla, A., Xiao, K., Berthouze, M., Ahn, S., Wilkinson, K.D., Miller, W.E. and Lefkowitz, R.J. ?-Arrestin-dependent signaling and trafficking of 7TMRs is reciprocally regulated by the deubiquitinase USP33 and the E3 ligase Mdm2. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 106: 6650-6655, 2009. PMCID:PMC2667797
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  850. Kim, J., Ahn, S., Rajapopal, K. And Lefkowitz, R.J. Independent ?-Arrestin2 and Gq/PKC? Pathways for ERK Stimulated by Angiotensin Type 1A Receptors in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Converge on Transactivation of the EGFR. J. Biol. Chem. 284: 11953-11962, 2009. PMCID:PMC2673264
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  852. Gesty-Palmer, D., Flannery, P., Yuan, L., Corsino, L., Spurney, R., Lefkowitz, R.J. and Luttrell, L.M. A ?-Arrestin Biased Agonist of the Parathyroid Hormone Receptor (PTH1R) Promotes Bone Formation Independent of G Protein Activation. Science Translational Medicine 1: 1-9, 2009. PMCID: PMC2852200
  853. Xie, L., Xiao, K., Whalen, E.J., Forrester, M.T., Gygi, S.P., Lefkowitz, R.J. and Stamler, J.S. Oxygen-regulated ?2-adrenergic receptor hydroxylation by EGLN3 and ubiquitylation. Science Signaling 78: 1-10, 2009. PMCID:PMC2788937.
  854. Chen, M., Philipp, M., Wang, J., Premont, R.T., Garrison, T.R., Caron, M.G., Lefkowitz, R.J. and Chen, W. G Protein-coupled Receptor Kinases Phosphorylate LRP6 in the Wnt Pathway. J. Biol. Chem. 284: 35040-35048, 2009. PMCID:PMC2787365
  855. Kovacs, J.J., Hara, M.R., Davenport, C.L., Kim, J. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Arrestin Development: Emerging Roles for β-arrestins in Developmental Signaling Pathways. Developmental Cell 17: 443-458, 2009. PMCID:PMC3221601
  856. Rajagopal, S., Kim, J., Ahn, S., Craig, S., Lam, C.M., Gerard, N.P., Gerard, C. and Lefkowitz, R.J. ??arrestin-but not G-protein-mediated signaling by the "Decoy" Receptor CXCR7. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 107: 628-32, 2010. PMCID: PMC2818968
  857. Rajagopal, S., Rajagopal, K., Lefkowitz, R.J. Teaching Old receptors new tricks: biasing seven-transmembrane receptors. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery 9, 1-12, 2010. PMCID: PMC2902265
  858. Shukla, A.K., Kim, J., Ahn, S., Xiao, K., Shenoy, S.K., Liedtke, W., and Lefkowitz, R.J. Arresting a TRP Channel - β-Arrestin1 Mediates Ubiquitination and Functional Downregulationof TRPV4. J. Biol. Chem. 285: 30115-30125, 2010. PMCID: PMC2943294
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  860. Kenakin, T., Agnati, L.F., Caron, M., Fredholm, B., Guidoli, D., Kobilka, B., Lefkowitz, R.J., Woods, A., Fuxe, K. G protein-coupled receptors: finding the words to describe mononers, oligomers, and their molecular mechanisms and defining their meaning. Recep. Signal Transduct. Res. 30: 284-286, 2010. PMID:20858022
  861. Whalen, E., Rajagopal, S. and Lefkowitz, R.J. The Therapeutic Potential of β-Arrestin and G protein-biased Agonists. Trends in Molecular Medicine, Vol. 17, 126-139, 2011. PMID:21183406
  862. Lovgren, A.K., Kovacs, J.J., Xie, T., Potts, E.N., Li, Y., Foster, W.M., Liang, J., Meltzler, E.B., Jiang, D., Lefkowitz, R.J. and Noble, P.W. β-Arrestin DeficiencyProtects Against Pulmonary fibrosis in Mice and Prevents Fibroblast Invasion of Extracellular Matrix. Science Translational Medicine, Vol. 3, 1-10, 2011. PMCID: PMC3094726
  863. Lefkowitz, R.J. Forward to "G protein-coupled receptors: From structure to function". (Jesus Giraldo and Jean-Philippe Pin, Eds). The Royal Society of Chemistry, 2011.
  864. Shenoy, S.K. and Lefkowitz, R.J. β-Arrestin-mediated receptor trafficking and signal transduction. Trends in Pharmacological Sciences 32: 521-533, 2011. PMCID:PMC3159699
  865. Rajagopal, S., Ahn, S., Rominger, D.H., Gowen-McDonald, W., Lam, C.M., DeWire, S.M., Violin, J.D. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Quantifying Ligand Bias at Seven-Transmembrane Receptors. Mol. Pharmacol. 80: 367-377, 2011. PMCID: PMC3164332
  866. Rockman, H.A. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Introduction to the Series on Novel Aspects of Cardiovascular G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Signaling. Circ. Res. 109: 202-204, 2011. PMCID:PMC3298859
  867. Kahsai, A.W., Xiao, K., Rajagopal, S., Ahn, S., Shukla, A.K., Sun, J., Oas, T.G. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Multiple Ligand-Specific Conformations of the *beta;2-Adrenergic Receptor. Nature Chemical Biology, 7: 692-700, 2011. PMCID:PMC3404607
  868. Nobles, K., Xiao, K., Ahn, S., Shukla, A.K., Lam, C.M., Rajagopal, S., Strachan, R.T., Huang, T-Y., Bressler, E.A., Hara, M.R., Shenoy, S.K., Gygi, S.P. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Distinct G Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase Phosphorylation Sites on the β-Adrenergic Receptor: A Bar Code for Differential Encoding of β-Arrestin Functions. Science Signaling 4: 1-10, 2011. PMCID: PMC3415961
  869. Shukla, A.K., Xiao, K., and Lefkowitz, R.J. Emerging paradigms of β-arrestin-dependent seven transmembrane receptor signaling. Trends in Biochemical Sciences 36: 457-469, 2011. PMCID:PMC3168679
  870. Reiter, E., Ahn, S., Shukla, A.K. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Molecular mechanisms of β-arrestin-biased agonism at seven transmembrane receptors. Ann. Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology 52: 179-197, 2011. PMID:21942629
  871. Hara, M.R., Kovacs, J.J., Whalen, E.J., Rajagopal, S., Strachan, R.T., Grant, W., Towers, A.J., Williams, B., Lam, C.M., Xiao, K., Shenoy, S.K., Gregory, S.G., Ahn, S., Duckett, D.R. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Stress Response Pathway Regulates DNA Damage Through &betal2-Adrenoreceptors and β-Arrestin-1. Nature 477: 349-353, 2011. PMID: 21857681 [PubMed - in process]
  872. Heitzler, D., Durand, G., Gallay, N., Rizk, A., Ahn, S, Kim, J., Violin, J.D., Dupuy, L., Gauthier, C., Piketty, V., Crepieux, P., Poupon, A., Clement, F., Fages, F., Lefkowitz, R.J. and Reiter, E. Competing G protein-coupled receptor kinases balance G protein and beta-arrestin signaling. Mol. Syst. Biol,, 8, 1-17, 2012.PMCID:PMC3397412
  873. Fereshteh, M., Ito, T., Kovacs, J., Zhao, C., Kwon, H.Y., Tornini, V., Konuma, T., Chen, M., Lefkowitz, R.J. and Reya T. Beta-Arrestin2 mediates the initiation and progression of myeloid leukemia. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 109, 12532-12537, 2012.PMCID:PMC3411976
  874. Hara, M.R., Sachs, B.D., Caron, M.G. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Pharmacological blockade of a β2AR-β-arrestin-1 signaling cascade prevents the accumulation of DNA damage in a behavioral stress model. Cell Cycle, 12, 219-224, 2013. PMC3575451.
  875. Weiss, D.R., Ahn, S.K., Sassano, M.F., Kleist, A., Zhu, X., Strachan, R., Roth, B.L., Lefkowitz, R.J. and Shoichet, B.K. Conformation guides molecular efficacy in docking screens of activated beta2-adrenergic G protein coupled receptor. ACS Chemical Biology 8, 1018-1026, 2013.
  876. Shukla, A.K., Manglik, A., Kruse, A.C., Xiao, K., Reis, R.I., Tseng, Wei-Chou, Staus, D., Hilger, D., Uysal, S., Huang, L.Y., Paduch, M., Shukla, P.T., Koide, A., Kide, S., Weis, W.I., Kossiakoff, A.A., Kobilka, B.K. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Structure of active beta-arrestin 1 bound to a G protein-coupled receptor phosphopeptide. Nature 497, 137-142, 2013.
  877. Lefkowitz, R.J. Arrestins Come of Age: A Personal Historical Perspective. Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science 118, 3-18, 2013.
  878. Aristotelous, T., Ahn, S., Shukla, A.K., Gawron, S., Sassano, M.F., Kahsai, A.W., Wingler, L.M., Zhu, X., Tripathi-Shukla, P., Huang, X-P., Riley, J., Besnard, J., Read, K.D., Roth, B.., Gilbert, I.H., Hopkins, A.L., Lefkowitz, R.J. and Navratilova, I. Discovery of β-2-Adrenergic Receptor Ligands Using Biosensor Frament Screening of Tagged Wild-Type Receptor. ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters 4, 1005-1010, 2013.
  879. Simard, E., Kovacs, J.J., Miller, W.E., Kim, J., Grandbois, M. and Lefkowitz, R.J. ?-Arrestin regulation of myosin light chain phosphorylation promotes AT1aR-mediated cell contraction and migration. PLOS ONE, in press, 2013.
  880. Wisler, J.W., Xiao, K., Thomsen, A.R.B. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Recent developments in biased agonism. Current Opinion in Cell Biolog 27:18-24, 2013
  881. Strachan, R.T., Sun, J-P, Rominger, D.H., Violin, J.D., Ahn, S., Thomsen, A.R., Xu, X., Kleist, A., Costa, T. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Divergent Transducer-Specific Molecular Efficacies Generate Biased Agonism at a G Protein-Coupled Receptor (GPCR). Journal of Biol. Chem., in press, 2014.
  882. Staus, D. P., Wingler, L.M., Strachan, R.T., Rasmussen, S.G.F., Pardon, E., Ahn, S., Steyaert, J., Kobilka, B.K. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Regulation of β2-Adrenergic Receptor Function by Conformationally Selective Single-Domain Intrabodies. Molecular Pharmacology 85: 472-481, 2014.
  883. Shukla. A.K., Westfield, G.H., Xiao, K., Reis, R.I., Huang, L-Y., Tripathi-Shukla, P., Qian, J., Li, Sheng, Blanc, A., Oleskie, A.N., Dosey, A.M., Su, M., Liang, C-R., Gu, L-L., Shan, J-M., Chen, X., Hanna, R., Choi, M., Yao, X.J., Klink, B.U., Kahsai, A.W. Sidhu, S.S., Koide, S., Penczek, P.A., Kossiakoff, A.A., Woods, V.L., Kobilka, B.K., Skiniotis, G. and Lefkowitz, R.J. Visualization of Arrestin Recruitment by a G Protein-Coupled Receptor. Nature, in press, 2014.

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Robert Lefkowitz
Photo: Bengt Nyman, Painting Tim Tompkins - PaintHistory.com

Name: Robert J. Lefkowitz
Birth: 15 April, 1943, New York, USA
Institution: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
Award: "for studies of G-protein-coupled receptors"
Subject: Biochemistry
Portion of cash: 1/2
National Medal of Science- Biological Sciences 2007 USA
Nobel Lecture at Uppsala University
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