Emil Theodor Kocher Physician

The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1909

Physician, Surgeon. Award: “Thyroid physiology, pathology, surgery.” Lister’s principles. Relatively bloodless surgical field. “Kocher incision”. Recurrent laryngeal nerve damage: hoarseness; tetany, hypoparathyroidism. Myxedema: thyroid transplantation, tissue extracts injection, oral therapy.

Brain: damage, increased intra-cranial pressure, trepanation. Abdominal surgery. “Kocher mobilization”. Orthopedics: hereditary malformations, fracture. Hernia. Incision selection. Epilepsy. Osteomyelitis. Statistics.

Eponyms

Kocher arc incision is an oblique incision used to explore the knee joint.

Theodor Kocher’s craniometer is an instrument which enables the physician to correlate the position of parts of the brain including disorders/diseases inside the skull with the surface of the skull. Cadavers and elastic ribbons were used for this research.

Kocher forceps has terminal rat teeth; used to prevent bleeding.

Kocher incision is a transverse, slightly curved incision, made about 2 cm above the sternoclavicular joints.

Right Kocher’s incision is used for right hemicolectomy.

Kocher manoeuvre is used for reduction of shoulder dislocation.

Kocher mobilization is mobilizing the duodenum to explore the inferior caval vein and the head of the pancreas.

Kocher sign is upper eyelid retraction in patients with thyroid orbitopathy.

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